| hexaconazole (Ref: PP 523) |
 |
Environmental Fate - Ecotoxicology - Human Health - A to Z Index - Home
GENERAL INFORMATION 
for hexaconazole
Description: A conazole (imidazole) fungicide used to control both seed-borne and soil-borne diseases especially Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes spp.
Example pests controlled: Powdery mildew, Scabs, Rusts
Example applications: Vines; Apples; Pears,; Bananas; Vegetables; Some small grain cereals
Efficacy & activity: -
Availability status: Current
Introduction & key dates: 1986
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):
| Status | Not approved |
| Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur | Italy |
| Date inclusion expires | Not applicable |
| EU Candidate for substitution (CfS) | - |
| Listed in EU database | Yes |
Approved for use (
) or known to be used (
) in the following European countries: 
AT |
BE |
BG |
CY |
CZ |
DE |
DK |
EE |
EL |
ES |
FI |
FR |
HR |
HU |
IE |
IT |
LT |
LU |
LV |
MT |
NL |
PL |
PT |
RO |
SE |
SI |
SK |
UK |
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Also used in: Australia
Chemical structure:
| Isomerism | A chiral molecule existing in the R- and S-forms. The R-enantiomer exhibts the greatest fungicial activity. |
| Chemical formula | C14H17Cl2N3O |
| Canonical SMILES | CCCCC(CN1C=NC=N1)(C2=C(C=C(C=C2)Cl)Cl)O |
| Isomeric SMILES | No data |
| International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey) | STMIIPIFODONDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| International Chemical Identifier (InChI) | InChI=1S/C14H17Cl2N3O/c1-2-3-6-14(20,8-19-10-17-9-18-19)12-5-4-11(15)7-13(12)16/h4-5,7,9-10,20H,2-3,6,8H2,1H3 |
| Structure diagram/image available? | Yes |
General status:
| Pesticide type | Fungicide, Other substance | |||
| Other constituent type | Wood preservative | |||
| Substance group | Triazole | |||
| Minimum active substance purity | - | |||
| Known relevant impurities | - | |||
| Substance origin | Synthetic | |||
| Mode of action | Broad spectrum, systemic with protective and curative action. Disrupts membrane function. Sterol biosynthesis inhibitor. | |||
| CAS RN | 79983-71-4 | |||
| EC number | 413-050-7 | |||
| CIPAC number | 465 | |||
| US EPA chemical code | 128925 | |||
| PubChem CID | 66461 | |||
| Molecular mass (g mol-1) | 314.21 | |||
| PIN (Preferred Identification Name) | - | |||
| IUPAC name | (RS)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)hexan-2-ol | |||
| CAS name | α-butyl-α-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol | |||
| Other status information | - | |||
| Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards | - | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA) | Not applicable | |||
| Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC) | 3 | |||
| Examples of recorded resistance | - | |||
| Physical state | White crystalline solid | |||
| Related substances & organisms | ||||
Formulations:
| Property |
Value | |||
| Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically |
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| Example products using this active |
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| UK LERAP status | No UK approval for use as a pesticide under EC Regulation 1107/2009 | |||
| Formulation and application details | Available in a variety of formulations including oil miscible liquids, soluble grains and suspension concentrates. | |||
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for hexaconazole
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1) | 18 | P4 | Low | |
| Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1) | 120000 | C4 - Ethyl acetate | - | |
| 164000 | C4 - Acetone | - | ||
| 810 | C4 - Hexane | - | ||
| 246000 | C4 - Methanol | - | ||
| Melting point (oC) | 111 | L3 | - | |
| Boiling point (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Degradation point (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Flashpoint (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC | P | 7.94 X 1003 | Calculated | - |
| Log P | 3.9 | P4 | High | |
| Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity | 1.29 | L3 | - | |
| Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC | 2.3 | P4 | - | |
| Note: Strong acid | ||||
| Vapour pressure at 20oC (mPa) | 0.018 | P4 | Low volatility | |
| Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1) | 3.33 X 10-04 | L3 | Non-volatile | |
GUS leaching potential index  |
2.05 | Calculated | Transition state | |
| SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate |
Value | 8.85 X 10-02 | Calculated | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Potential for particle bound transport index |
- | Calculated | High | |
| Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1 | - | - | - | |
| Surface tension (mN m-1) | - | - | - | |
Degradation:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
General biodegradability | - |
| Soil degradation (days) (aerobic) | DT50 (typical) | 122 | K4 | Persistent |
| DT50 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 (field) | 225 | P3 | Persistent | |
| DT90 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT90 (field) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 modelling endpoint | - | - | - | |
| Note | Sandy loam DT50 ~ 10 months, clay loam ~ 5 months; General literature DT50 range 49-200 days (R3) | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on and in plant matrix | Value | 5.5 | R4 | - |
| Note | Published literature RL50 range 1.7-7.8 days, 6 field crops, various matrices, n=8 | |||
| Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7 | Value | 10 | K4 | Moderately fast |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7 | Value | Stable | K4 | - |
| Note | Not greatly sensitive to pH | |||
| Water-sediment DT50 (days) | 112 | K4 | Slow | |
| Water phase only DT50 (days) | 112 | K4 | Stable | |
Soil adsorption and mobility:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Linear | Kd | - | DW3 | Slightly mobile |
| Koc | 1040 | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| Freundlich | Kf | - | - | - |
| Kfoc | - | |||
| 1/n | - | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| pH sensitivity | - | |||
Key metabolites:
| Metabolite | Formation medium | Estimated maximum occurrence fraction | 1107/2009 relevancy |
|
| 1,2,4-triazole (Ref: CGA 71019) | Soil | - | Not relevant | |
| 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylacetic acid (Ref: CGA 142856) | Soil | - | - | |
ECOTOXICOLOGY
for hexaconazole
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Bio-concentration factor | BCF (l kg-1) | 412 | Q2 Estimated | Threshold for concern |
| CT50 (days) | Not available | - | ||
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | 2189 | P4 Rat | Low | |
| Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL | (mg kg-1) | 5 | L3 Rat | High |
| (ppm diet) | - | - | ||
| Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 4000 | L3 Anas platyrhynchos | Low | |
| Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50) | - | - | - | |
| Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | 3.4 | L3 Oncorhynchus mykiss | Moderate | |
| Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1) | > 2.9 | P4 Daphnia magna | Moderate | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Non-target plants | - | - | - | |
| - | - | - | ||
| Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1) | > 1.7 | K3 Unknown species | Moderate | |
| Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Honeybees | Contact acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - |
| Oral acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | > 100 | L3 | Low | |
| Unknown mode acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1) | 414 | L3 | Moderate | |
| Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola | LR50 / EC50 / NOEC / % Effect | - | - | - |
| Other arthropod (1) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | Harmless | Dose: 120 g ha-1 AA2 Typhlodromus pyri |
- | |
| Other arthropod (2) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | Harmless | Dose: 120 g ha-1 AA2 Chrysoperla carnea |
- | |
| Soil micro-organisms | - | - | - | |
| Mesocosm study data | NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - |
| NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - | |
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for hexaconazole
General:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class) |
High (class III) | - | - | |
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | 2189 | P4 Rat | Low | |
| Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight) | > 2000 | L3 Rat | - | |
| Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1) | 5.9 | L3 Rat | - | |
| Other Mammal toxicity endpoints | - | - | ||
| ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.005 | JMPR 1990 | - | |
| ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg-1 bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| Dermal penetration studies (%) | - | - | - | |
| Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464 | - | - | - | |
| Exposure Limits | - | - | - | |
| Exposure Routes | Public | - | ||
| Occupational | - | |||
| European MRLs | Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database | |||
| Drinking Water Standards | - | - | - | |
| Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1) | - | - | - | |
Health issues:
| Carcinogen | Mutagen | Endocrine disrupter | Reproduction / development effects | Cholinesterase inhibitor | Neurotoxicant | |||
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- |
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| Respiratory tract irritant | Skin irritant | Skin sensitiser | Eye irritant | Phototoxicant | ||||
- |
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| General human health issues | USEPA - possible human carcinogen Endocrine issues - Inhibition of aromatase activity, decrease of the estrogens production |
|||||||
: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data found
Handling issues:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| General |
No information available | |||
| CLP classification 2013 | Health: H302, H317 Environment: H411 |
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| EC Risk Classification |
Xn - Harmful: R22, R43 N - Dangerous for the environment: R51, R53 |
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| EC Safety Classification |
S2, S24, S37, S61 | |||
| WHO Classification | III | - | Slightly hazardous | |
| US EPA Classification (formulation) | IV | - | Caution - Not acutely toxic | |
| UN Number | - | |||
| Waste disposal & packaging |
- | |||
| Language | Name |
| English | hexaconazole |
| French | hexaconazole |
| German | Hexaconazol |
| Danish | hexaconazol |
| Italian | esaconozolo |
| Spanish | hexaconazol |
| Greek | - |
| Slovenian | heksakonazol |
| Polish | heksakonazol |
| Swedish | - |
| Hungarian | hexakonazol |
| Dutch | - |
Record last updated: Wednesday 31 October 2018
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk