| lufenuron (Ref: CGA 184699) |
 |
Environmental Fate - Ecotoxicology - Human Health
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Further data may be found in the VSDB
GENERAL INFORMATION 
for lufenuron
Description: An insect growth regulator used to control biting and sucking insects including Lepidoptera and Coleoptera larvae. Also has some veterinary applications.
Introduction: 1989, first reported; 1990, first introduced
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):
| Status | Approved |
| Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur | Portugal |
| Date inclusion expires | 31/12/2019 |
Approved for use (
) or known to be used (
) in the following European countries: 
AT |
BE |
BG |
CY |
CZ |
DE |
DK |
EE |
EL |
ES |
FI |
FR |
HU |
IE |
IT |
LT |
LU |
LV |
MT |
NL |
PL |
PT |
RO |
SE |
SI |
SK |
UK |
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Also registered in: Australia
General status:
| Pesticide type | Insecticide, Acaricide, Veterinary treatment | |||
| Substance group | Benzoylurea | |||
| Substance origin | Synthetic | |||
| Mode of action | Systemic, selective, stomach acting, chitin synthesis inhibitor | |||
| CAS RN | 103055-07-8 | |||
| EC number | 410-690-9 | |||
| CIPAC number | 704 | |||
| US EPA chemical code | - | |||
| Chiral molecule | Chiral or specific isomer of a chiral molecule | |||
| Chemical formula | C17H8Cl2F8N2O3 | |||
| SMILES | Clc1cc(c(Cl)cc1OC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F)NC(=O)NC(=O)c2c(F)cccc2F | |||
| International Chemical Identifier (InChI) | InChI=1/C17H8Cl2F8N2O3/c18-6-5-11(32-17(26,27)14(22)16(23,24)25)7(19)4-10(6)28-15(31)29-13(30)12-8(20)2-1-3-9(12)21/h1-5,14H,(H2,28,29,30,31) | |||
| Structure diagram/image available? | Yes | |||
| Molecular mass (g mol-1) | 511.16 | |||
| PIN (Preferred Identification Name) | - | |||
| IUPAC name | (RS)-1-[2,5-dichloro-4-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropoxy)phenyl]-3-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)urea | |||
| CAS name | N-[[[2,5-dichloro-4-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropoxy)phenyl]amino]carbonyl]-2,6-difluorobenzamide | |||
| Other status information | - | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC) | 15 | |||
| Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Physical state | White solid | |||
| Related substances & organisms | ||||
Formulations:
| Property |
Value | |||
| Example manufacturers of products using this active |
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| Example products using this active |
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| UK LERAP status | No UK approval for use or outside scope | |||
| Formulation and application details | Usually supplied as an emulsifiable concentrate that is used as an aqueous spray for crop use or as a suspension for injection when used with livestock. | |||
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for lufenuron
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1) | 0.046 | A5 | Low | |
| Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1) | 460000 | A5 - Acetone | - | |
| 330000 | A5 - Ethyl acetate | - | ||
| 100 | A5 - Hexane | - | ||
| 66000 | A5 - Toluene | - | ||
| Melting point (oC) | 169.1 | A5 | - | |
| Boiling point (oC) | Decomposes before boiling | A5 | - | |
| Degradation point (oC) | 242 | A5 | - | |
| Flashpoint (oC) | Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable | A5 | - | |
| Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC | P | 1.32 X 1005 | Calculated | - |
| Log P | 5.12 | A5 - @ 25 degC | High | |
| Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity | 1.66 | L3 | - | |
| Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC | 10.2 | A5 | - | |
| Note: Very weak acid | ||||
| Vapour pressure at 25oC (mPa) | 4.00 X 10-03 | A5 | Non-volatile | |
| Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1) | 3.41 X 10-02 | A5 | Non-volatile | |
| Henry's law constant at 20oC (dimensionless) | 1.83 X 10-05 | Calculated | Moderately volatile | |
GUS leaching potential index  |
-0.75 | Calculated | Low leachability | |
| SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate |
Value | 5.35 X 10-03 | Calculated | - |
| Note | Estimated concentrations of chemicals with Koc values greater than 9995 ml g-1 are beyond the scope of the regression data used in SCI-GROW development. If there are concerns for such chemicals, a higher tier groundwater exposure assessment should be considered, regardless of the concentration returned by SCI-GROW | |||
| Potential for particle bound transport index |
- | Calculated | Medium | |
| Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1 | Neutral solution: 210nm = 37293; [Acidic solution: 210nm = 30588; [Basic solution: 295nm = 4871; [No absorption between 295-750nm | A5 | - | |
| Surface tension (mN m-1) | 68.3-72.8 | A5 at 20oC | - | |
Degradation:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Soil degradation (days) (aerobic) | DT50 (typical) | 16.3 | A5 | Non-persistent |
| DT50 (lab at 20oC) | 20.8 | A5 | Non-persistent | |
| DT50 (field) | 256 | A5 | Persistent | |
| DT90 (lab at 20oC) | 100.3 | A5 | - | |
| DT90 (field) | 937 | A5 | - | |
| Note | EU dossier lab studies DT50 range 11.1-75.7 days, DT90 range 45.2-276.1 days; field studies DT50 range 151-434 days, DT90 range 503-1444 days | |||
| Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7 | Value | 0.75 | A4 | Fast |
| Note | DT50 111-1781 days in natural light, summer to winter 40 deg N | |||
| Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7 | Value | Stable | A5 | Very persistent |
| Note | Stable pH 5 to pH 9 | |||
| Water-Sediment DT50 (days) | 112 | A5 | Slow | |
| Water phase only DT50 (days) | 112 | A5 | Stable | |
Soil adsorption and mobility:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Linear | Kd | - | - | - |
| Koc | - | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| Freundlich | Kf | 1056 | A5 | Non-mobile |
| Kfoc | 41182 | |||
| 1/n | 0.98 | |||
| Notes and range | EU dossier Kf range 166-2350 mL/g, Kfoc range 11888-74833 mL/g, 1/n range 0.81-1.06, Soils=5 | |||
| pH sensitivity | No | |||
Key metabolites:
| Metabolite | Formation medium | Estimated maximum occurrence fraction | 91/414 relevancy |
|
| [2,5-dichloro-4-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro-propoxy)-phenyl]-urea (Ref: CGA 238277) |
Soil | 0.318 | Major fraction, Relevancy unknown | |
| 2,5-dichloro-4-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro-propoxy)-phenylamine (Ref: CGA 224443) |
Soil | 0.328 | Major, Relevancy unknown | |
Other known metabolites:
| Metabolite name and reference | Aliases | Formation medium / Rate | Estimated maximum occurrence fraction | Metabolising enzymes |
| 2,6-difluorobenzamide (Ref: CGA 149772) Note: Mol wt = 157; DT50 = 4.4 days |
- | Soil (Aerobic) | 0.11 | - |
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Bio-concentration factor | BCF | 5300 | A5 | High potential |
| CT50 (days) | 36 | - | ||
| Bioaccumulation potential | - | Calculated | High | |
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 2000 | A5 Rat | Moderate | |
| Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL | (mg kg-1) | 2 | L2 Rat, 2 year | High |
| (ppm diet) | - | - | ||
| Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1) | 2000 | A5 Anas platyrhynchos | Moderate | |
| Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50) | 966 mg kg bw-1 day-1 | A5 Colinus virginianus | - | |
| Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | > 29 | A5 Lepomis macrochirus | Moderate | |
| Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | 0.02 | A5 Pimephales promelas | - | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1) | 0.0013 | A5 Daphnia magna | High | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | 0.0001 | A5 Daphnia magna | - | |
| Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1) | 0.002 | A5 Chironomus riparius | High | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1) | 0.04 | A5 Chironomus riparius | High | |
| Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1) | 8.8 | A5 Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Growth | Moderate | |
| Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Honeybees - Acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | > 197 | A5 Oral | Low | |
| Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1) | > 500 | A5 Eisenia foetida, corr | Moderate | |
| Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola | LR50 / EC50 / NOEC / % Effect | 0.2 | A5 Folsomia candida, 28 day NOEC | - |
| Other arthropod (1) | LR50 g ha-1 | 100 | 7 day A5 Typhlodromus pyri |
Moderately harmful at 1 kg ha-1 Harmless at 0.1 kg ha-1 Harmless at 0.01 kg ha-1 |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Other arthropod (2) | LR50 g ha-1 | 21 | 7 day A4 Coccinella septempunctata |
Harmful at 1 kg ha-1 Moderately harmful at 0.1 kg ha-1 Harmless at 0.01 kg ha-1 |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Soil micro-organisms | Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect |
A5 Dose: 1.5 kg ha-1, 28 days |
- | |
| Mesocosm study data | NOEAEC mg l-1 | 0.0001 | A5 | - |
| NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - | |
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for lufenuron
General:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 2000 | A5 Rat | Moderate | |
| Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight) | > 2000 | A5 Rat | - | |
| Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1) | > 2.35 | A5 Rat, 4 hr (nose only, aerosol) | - | |
| Other Mammal toxicity endpoints | - | - | ||
| ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.0155 | A5 Dog, 1year, SF=100 | - | |
| ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1) | None allocated | A5 | - | |
| AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.01 | A5 Dog, 1year, SF=100 | - | |
| Dermal penetration studies (%) | 2-13 | A5 concentration dependant | - | |
| Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464 | List II | - | - | |
| Exposure Limits | - | - | - | |
| Exposure Routes | Public | Negligible risk to bystanders | ||
| Occupational | Farm workers should use protective clothing and equipment | |||
| Examples of European MRLs (mg kg-1) | Value | Grapes: 1.0; Tomatoes: 0.3 | ||
| Note | A5 EU dossier proposals For the EU pesticides database click here |
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| Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1) | 0.053 | A5 | - | |
Health issues:
| Carcinogen | Mutagen | Endocrine disrupter | Reproduction / development effects | Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor | Neurotoxicant | Respiratory tract irritant | Skin irritant | Eye irritant |
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| General human health issues | Skin sensitiser Possible liver and thyroid toxicant |
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: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data
Handling issues:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| General |
Not explosive or oxidising IMDG Transport Code is usually 9 |
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| CLP classification 2013 | - | |||
| EC Risk Classification |
Xn - Harmful: R43, R48/22 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53 |
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| EC Safety Classification |
S2, S24, S37, S60, S61 | |||
| WHO Classification | NL | - | Not listed | |
| US EPA Classification (formulation) | - | - | - | |
| UN Number | Usually 3077 | |||
| Waste disposal & packaging |
Packaging Group III (minor danger) | |||
| Language | Name |
| English | lufenuron |
| French | lufenuron |
| German | Lufenuron |
| Danish | lufenuron |
| Italian | lufenuron |
| Spanish | lufenuron |
| Greek | - |
| Slovenian | lufenuron |
| Polish | lufenuron |
| Swedish | - |
| Hungarian | lufenuron |
| Dutch | - |
Record last updated: Monday 09 September 2013
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk