| naled (Ref: OMS 75) |
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SUMMARY
Naled is mainly used for non-food applications. As an organophosphorus there are toxicity concerns and may cause cholinesterase inhibition in humans. Naled is practically nonpersistent in the environment with very rapid soil degradation rates. It is also not mobile and so should not be a risk to groundwater. It is toxic to birds and aquatic organisms and may pose a risk to honeybees. GENERAL INFORMATION 
for naled
Description: An insecticide used to control aphids, mites, mosquitoes, flies and many other pests
Example pests controlled: Aphids; Mites; Mosquitoes; Flies
Example applications: Fruit; Vegetables; Nuts; Poultry houses; Mushroom houses; Kennels
Efficacy & activity: -
Availability status: Current
Introduction & key dates: 1956
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):
| Status | Not approved |
| Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur | France |
| Date inclusion expires | Expired |
| EU Candidate for substitution (CfS) | - |
| Listed in EU database | Yes |
Approved for use (
) or known to be used (
) in the following European countries: 
AT |
BE |
BG |
CY |
CZ |
DE |
DK |
EE |
EL |
ES |
FI |
FR |
HR |
HU |
IE |
IT |
LT |
LU |
LV |
MT |
NL |
PL |
PT |
RO |
SE |
SI |
SK |
UK |
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Also used in: Australia, USA
Chemical structure:
| Isomerism | A molecule with one chiral feature. |
| Chemical formula | C4H7Br2Cl2O4P |
| Canonical SMILES | COP(=O)(OC)OC(C(Cl)(Cl)Br)Br |
| Isomeric SMILES | No data |
| International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey) | BUYMVQAILCEWRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| International Chemical Identifier (InChI) | InChI=1S/C4H7Br2Cl2O4P/c1-10-13(9,11-2)12-3(5)4(6,7)8/H3h,1-2H3 |
| 2D structure diagram/image available? | Yes |
General status:
| Pesticide type | Insecticide, Acaricide | |||
| Substance group | Organophosphate | |||
| Minimum active substance purity | - | |||
| Known relevant impurities | - | |||
| Substance origin | Synthetic | |||
| Mode of action | Non-systemic with rapid contact and stomach action. Cholinesterase inhibitor. | |||
| CAS RN | 300-76-5 | |||
| EC number | 206-098-3 | |||
| CIPAC number | 195 | |||
| US EPA chemical code | 034401 | |||
| PubChem CID | 4420 | |||
| Molecular mass (g mol-1) | 380.79 | |||
| PIN (Preferred Identification Name) | - | |||
| IUPAC name | (RS)-1,2-dibromo-2,2-dichloroethyl dimethyl phosphate | |||
| CAS name | 1,2-dibromo-2,2-dichloroethyl dimethyl phosphate | |||
| Other status information | Marine Pollutant; Chemical subject to PIC regulations; PAN listed Highly Hazardous Chemical | |||
| Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards | - | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA) | Not applicable | |||
| Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC) | 1B | |||
| Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Examples of recorded resistance | Aedes nigromaculis Boophilus microplus Delia antiqua Musca domestica Myzus persicae Rhizoglyphus robini plus others |
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| Physical state | Colourless to yellow liquid | |||
| Related substances & organisms | - | |||
Formulations:
| Property |
Value | |||
| Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically |
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| Example products using this active |
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| UK LERAP status | No UK approval for use as a pesticide under EC Regulation 1107/2009 | |||
| Formulation and application details | Available in a variety of formulations including emulsifiable concentrates, liquids and LVCs. | |||
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1) | 2000 | F4 | High | |
| Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1) | 820000 | P3 - Heptane | - | |
| Melting point (oC) | 27.0 | F3 | - | |
| Boiling point (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Degradation point (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Flashpoint (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC | P | 1.51 X 1002 | Calculated | - |
| Log P | 2.18 | F3 | Low | |
| Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity | 1.97 | F3 | - | |
| Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC | - | - | - | |
| Note: | ||||
| Vapour pressure at 20oC (mPa) | 260 | G4 | Highly volatile | |
| Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1) | 6.60 | H4 | Moderately volatile | |
GUS leaching potential index  |
0.00 | Calculated | Low leachability | |
| SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate |
Value | 4.30 X 10-04 | Calculated | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Potential for particle bound transport index |
- | Calculated | Low | |
| Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1 | - | - | - | |
| Surface tension (mN m-1) | - | - | - | |
Degradation:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
General biodegradability | - |
| Soil degradation (days) (aerobic) | DT50 (typical) | 1 | G4 | Non-persistent |
| DT50 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 (field) | - | - | - | |
| DT90 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT90 (field) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 modelling endpoint | - | - | - | |
| Note | Best available data | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on and in plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7 | Value | 4.4 | F3 | Moderately fast |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7 | Value | 0.7 | F3 | Non-persistent |
| Note | pH sensitive: 4 days @ pH 5, 0.1 days @ pH 9 | |||
| Water-sediment DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
| Water phase only DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
Soil adsorption and mobility:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Linear | Kd | - | G4 | Moderately mobile |
| Koc | 180 | |||
| Notes and range | Best available data | |||
| Freundlich | Kf | - | - | - |
| Kfoc | - | |||
| 1/n | - | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| pH sensitivity | - | |||
Key metabolites:
| Metabolite | Formation medium | Estimated maximum occurrence fraction | 1107/2009 relevancy |
|
| dichlorvos (Ref: OMS 14) |
Soil | 0.165 | - | |
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Bio-concentration factor | BCF (l kg-1) | 598 | F3 Estimated | Threshold for concern |
| CT50 (days) | Not available | - | ||
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | 83 | F4 Rat | High | |
| Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL | (mg kg-1) | - | L2 Rat, 2 year | - |
| (ppm diet) | 100 | - | ||
| Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 52 | G4 Anas platyrhynchos | High | |
| Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50) | - | - | - | |
| Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | > 0.195 | G4 Oncorhynchus mykiss | Moderate | |
| Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1) | 0.00035 | F4 Daphnia magna | High | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | 0.0077 | F3 Americamysis bahia | High | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1) | 1.8 | F3 Lemna gibba | Moderate | |
| Non-target plants | - | - | - | |
| - | - | - | ||
| Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1) | 0.00035 | W2 Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata | High | |
| Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Honeybees | Contact acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | > 0.002 | F4 | High |
| Oral acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Unknown mode acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola | LR50 / EC50 / NOEC / % Effect | - | - | - |
| Other arthropod (1) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Other arthropod (2) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Soil micro-organisms | - | - | - | |
| Mesocosm study data | NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - |
| NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - | |
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for naled
General:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class) |
High (class III) | - | - | |
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | 83 | F4 Rat | High | |
| Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight) | 800 | F3 Rat | - | |
| Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1) | 0.2 | F3 Rat, 4 hr | - | |
| Other Mammal toxicity endpoints | - | - | ||
| ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg-1 bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| Dermal penetration studies (%) | - | - | - | |
| Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464 | List I; List II | - | - | |
| Exposure Limits | [UK LT TWA 8 hr: 3 mg/m3], [UK ST 15 mins: 6 mg/m3] | Occupation Exposure | - | |
| Exposure Routes | Public | - | ||
| Occupational | May be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, by inhalation and through the intact skin | |||
| European MRLs | Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database | |||
| Drinking Water Standards | - | - | - | |
| Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1) | - | - | - | |
Health issues:
| Carcinogen | Mutagen | Endocrine disrupter | Reproduction / development effects | Cholinesterase inhibitor | Neurotoxicant | |||
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| Respiratory tract irritant | Skin irritant | Skin sensitiser | Eye irritant | Phototoxicant | ||||
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| General human health issues | Harmful if swallowed or in contact with skin May cause mild testicular degeneration |
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: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data found
Handling issues:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| General |
Corrosive | |||
| CLP classification 2013 | - | |||
| EC Risk Classification |
Xn - Harmful: R21/22 Xi - Irritant: R36/38 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50 |
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| EC Safety Classification |
S2, S36/37, S60, S61 | |||
| WHO Classification | II | - | Moderately hazardous | |
| US EPA Classification (formulation) | I | - | Danger - Highly toxic | |
| UN Number | 3018 | |||
| Waste disposal & packaging |
- | |||
| Language | Name |
| English | naled |
| French | naled |
| German | Naled |
| Danish | naled |
| Italian | naled |
| Spanish | naled |
| Greek | naled |
| Slovenian | naled |
| Polish | naled |
| Swedish | - |
| Hungarian | - |
| Dutch | naled |
Record last updated: Thursday 24 May 2018
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk