oxamyl (Ref: DPX D1410) ** thioxamyl ** oxamil ** vydate ** dioxamyl ** Translations

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SUMMARY

Oxamyl is a carbamate pesticide currently approved for use in the EU. It is highly soluble in water, has a low volatility and may have the capacity to leach to groundwater. It is not expected to be persistent in soil or water systems. It is highly toxic to mammals, is a cholinesterase inhibitor and a neurotoxicant. It demonstrates a moderate to high level of toxicity to most biodiversity.

GENERAL INFORMATION
for oxamyl

Description: A soil-applied nematicide and insecticide used to control chewing and sucking insects on field and other crops

Example pests controlled: Aphids; Spider mites; Ticks; Roundworms; Nematodes

Example applications: Field crops; Vegetables including carrots and celery; Fruit including apples, bananas, citrus; Cotton; Ornamentals

Efficacy & activity: -

Availability status: Current

Introduction & key dates: 1974, first sold

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):

Status	Approved
Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur	Italy/France
Date inclusion expires	31/01/2019
EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)	Yes - low ADI / ARfD / AOEL
Listed in EU database	Yes

Approved for use () or known to be used () in the following European countries:

AT

BE

BG

CY

CZ

DE

DK

EE

EL

ES

FI

FR

HR

HU

IE

IT

LT

LU

LV

MT

NL

PL

PT

RO

SE

SI

SK

UK

Also used in: Australia

Chemical structure:

Isomerism	Isomeric
Chemical formula	C7H13N3O3S
Canonical SMILES	CNC(=O)ON=C(C(=O)N(C)C)SC
Isomeric SMILES	CNC(=O)O/N=C(/C(=O)N(C)C)\SC
International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)	KZAUOCCYDRDERY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
International Chemical Identifier (InChI)	InChI=1S/C7H13N3O3S/c1-8-7(12)13-9-5(14-4)6(11)10(2)3/h1-4H3,(H,8,12)
2D structure diagram/image available?	Yes

General status:

Pesticide type	Insecticide, Acaricide, Nematicide
Substance group	Carbamate
Minimum active substance purity	970 g/kg
Known relevant impurities	EU dossier - None declared
Substance origin	Synthetic
Mode of action	Systemic with contact action. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor.
CAS RN	23135-22-0
EC number	245-445-3
CIPAC number	342
US EPA chemical code	103801
PubChem CID	9595287
Molecular mass (g mol-1)	219.26
PIN (Preferred Identification Name)	-
IUPAC name	(EZ)-N,N-dimethyl-2-methylcarbamoyloxyimino-2-(methylthio)acetamide
CAS name	methyl 2-(dimethylamino)-N-(((methylamino)carbonyl)oxy)-2-oxoethanimidothioate
Other status information	Marine Pollutant; Possible drinking water contaminant
Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards	-
Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)	Not applicable
Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)	Not applicable
Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)	1A
Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)	Not applicable
Examples of recorded resistance	Anthonomus grandis Diglyphus begini Ganaspidium utilis Leptinotarsa decemlineata Lygus lineolaris Phyllonorycter blancardella
Physical state	Colourless or white crystalline powder
Related substances & organisms	cyclohexanone

Formulations:

Property	Value
Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically	DuPont Agchem Access
Example products using this active	Vydate 10G Tevday
UK LERAP status	None
Formulation and application details	Often supplied as granules or water-soluble liquid that is applied directly to the soil before drilling or planting.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for oxamyl

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1)		148100	A5	High
Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1)		10500	A5 - n-Heptane	-
		250000	A5 - Methanol	-
		250000	A5 - Acetone	-
		41300	A5 - Xylene	-
Melting point (oC)		99.3	A5	-
Boiling point (oC)		Decomposes on distillation	L3	-
Degradation point (oC)		-	-	-
Flashpoint (oC)		-	-	-
Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC	P	3.63 X 10-01	Calculated	-
	Log P	-0.44	A5	Low
Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity		1.31	A5	-
Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC		-2.11	A5	-
		Note: Estimated, Very strong acid
Vapour pressure at 20oC (mPa)		0.051	A5	Low volatility
Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1)		4.89 X 10-08	L3	Non-volatile
GUS leaching potential index		2.29	Calculated	Transition state
SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate	Value	1.10 X 10-02	Calculated	-
	Note	-
Potential for particle bound transport index		-	Calculated	Low
Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1		Neutral solution: 290nm = 80.1; [Acidic solution: 290nm = 60.1; [Basic solution: 290nm = 1154	A5	-
Surface tension (mN m-1)		73.1	A5 at 20oC	-

Degradation:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
General biodegradability		-
Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)	DT50 (typical)	7	A5	Non-persistent
	DT50 (lab at 20oC)	6.6	A5	Non-persistent
	DT50 (field)	11	A5	Non-persistent
	DT90 (lab at 20oC)	22	A5	-
	DT90 (field)	36	A5	-
	DT50 modelling endpoint	-	-	-
	Note	EU dossier lab studies DT50 range 3-11.5 days, DT90 range 9.9-38.2 days aerobic; Field study for UK
Dissipation rate RL50 on plant matrix	Value	2.7	R3	-
	Note	Cotton, n=1
Dissipation rate RL50 on and in plant matrix	Value	8.9	R4	-
	Note	Published literature RL50 range 2.9-15.0 days, 2 crops undercover/lab, various matrices, n=2
Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7	Value	7.4	A5	Moderately fast
	Note	-
Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7	Value	8	A5	Non-persistent
	Note	pH sensitive: stable pH 4 and pH 5, DT50 8 days pH 7, 3 hours at pH 9
Water-sediment DT50 (days)		0.7	A5	Fast
Water phase only DT50 (days)		-	-	-

Soil adsorption and mobility:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Linear	Kd	0.194	-	Mobile
	Koc	16.6
	Notes and range	EU dossier Kd range 0.09-0.44 mL/g, Koc range 8-39 mL/g, Soils=5
Freundlich	Kf	0.18	A5	Mobile
	Kfoc	16.0
	1/n	1.07
	Notes and range	EU dossier kf range 0.05-0.41 mL/g, Kfoc range 8-39 mL/g, 1/n range 0.946-1.27, Soils=4
pH sensitivity		No

Key metabolites:

Metabolite		Formation medium	Estimated maximum occurrence fraction	1107/2009 relevancy
methyl 2-(dimethylamino)-N-(((methylamino)carbonyl)oxy)-2-oxoethanimidothioate (Ref: IN-A2213)		Soil	0.510	Major fraction, Relevant
N,N’-dimethyloxamic acid (Ref: IN-D2708)		Soil	0.395	Major fraction, Relevant

Other known metabolites:

Metabolite name and reference	Aliases	Formation medium / Rate	Estimated maximum occurrence fraction	Metabolising enzymes
methyl 2-(dimethylamino)-N-hydroxy-2-oxoethanimidothioate	-	Soil (Anaerobic)	-	-
N,N-dimethyl-1-cyanoformamid (Ref: IN-D0079)	DMCF	Soil; Water/sediment	-	-
(Ref: IN-L2953)	-	Rat	-	-
N,N-dimethylethanediamide (Ref: IN-T2921)	DMEA; DOA	Water/sediment	-	-

ECOTOXICOLOGY
for oxamyl

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Bio-concentration factor	BCF (l kg-1)	2	P4	Low potential
	CT50 (days)	Not available		-
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1)		2.5	A5 Rat	High
Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL	(mg kg-1)	0.93	A5 Dog, 1 year	High
	(ppm diet)	33		-
Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1)		3.16	A5 Anas platyrhynchos	High
Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50)		340 mg kg feed-1	A5 Anas platyrhynchos	-
Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		3.13	A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss	Moderate
Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1)		0.5	A4 Pimephales promelas, 28 day	Moderate
Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1)		0.319	A5 Daphnia magna	Moderate
Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1)		0.027	A4 Unknown species	Moderate
Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1)		-	-	-
Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1)		-	-	-
Non-target plants		-	-	-
		-	-	-
Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1)		0.93	A5 Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata	Moderate
Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1)		0.5	Q2 Unknown species	Moderate
Honeybees	Contact acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1)	0.26	A5	High
	Oral acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1)	0.38	A5	High
	Unknown mode acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1)	-	-	-
Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1)		112	A5 Eisenia foetida	Moderate
Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1)		-	-	-
Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola	LR50 / EC50 / NOEC / % Effect	-	-	-
Other arthropod (1)	LR50 g ha-1	0.03	48 hour A5 Aphidius rhopalosiphi	-
	% Effect	-	-	-
Other arthropod (2)	LR50 g ha-1	1.8	7 day A5 Typhlodromus pyri	-
	% Effect	-	-	-
Soil micro-organisms		Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect [Dose: 5 mg kg-1 soil] Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect [Dose: 10 mg kg-1 soil]	A5	-
Mesocosm study data	NOEAEC mg l-1	-	-	-
	NOEAEC mg l-1	-	-	-

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for oxamyl

General:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)		High (class III)	-	-
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1)		2.5	A5 Rat	High
Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight)		> 2000	A5 Rat	-
Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1)		0.056	A5 Rat (nose only)	-
Other Mammal toxicity endpoints		-		-
ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.001	A5 Rat, SF=100	-
ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.001	A5 Rat, SF=100	-
AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg-1 bw day-1)		-	-	-
AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1)		0.01	A5 Rat, SF=100	-
Dermal penetration studies (%)		-	-	-
Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464		-	-	-
Exposure Limits		-	-	-
Exposure Routes	Public	No unacceptable risks to bystanders identified
	Occupational	Negligible risk to operators
European MRLs		Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database
Drinking Water Standards		-	-	-
Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1)		-	-	-

Health issues:

Carcinogen	Mutagen	Endocrine disrupter	Reproduction / development effects	Cholinesterase inhibitor	Neurotoxicant
			-
Respiratory tract irritant	Skin irritant	Skin sensitiser	Eye irritant	Phototoxicant
-		-		-
General human health issues		Harmful if ingested Endocrine issues - Weak estrogen effect

: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data found

Handling issues:

Property		Value	Source/Quality Score/Other Information	Interpretation
General		Corrosive Not explosive IMDG Transport Code is usually 6.1
CLP classification 2013		Health: H300, H312, H330 Environment: H411
EC Risk Classification		T+ - Very toxic: R26/28 Xn - Harmful: E21 N - Dangerous for the environment: R51, R53
EC Safety Classification		S1/2, S36/37, S45, S61
WHO Classification		Ib	-	Highly hazardous
US EPA Classification (formulation)		I (oral), II (inhalation), IV (dermal, eye)	-	Danger - Highly toxic, Warning - Moderately toxic, Caution - Not acutely toxic
UN Number		Usually 2757
Waste disposal & packaging		Packaging Group II (medium danger)

TRANSLATIONS
for oxamyl

Language	Name
English	oxamyl
French	oxamyl
German	Oxamyl
Danish	oxamyl
Italian	oxamil
Spanish	oxamilo
Greek	-
Slovenian	oksamil
Polish	oksamyl
Swedish	-
Hungarian	oxamil
Dutch	oxamyl

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Record last updated: Thursday 23 August 2018
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk