Simazine (Ref: G 27692) |
![]() Last updated: 30/12/2020 |
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(Also known as: permazine ; symazine; taphazine) |
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A soil-acting herbicide with used to control most germinating annual grasses and broad-leaved weeds. Has also been used to control algae in ponds and fish hatcheries. | |
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Ivyleaved speedwell; Rocket; Shepherd's purse; Dead nettles; Goosefoot; Bindweed; Suppresses volunteer cereals | |
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Fruit including berries, currants, apples, pears; Hops; Almonds; Vines; Canola; Chickpeas; Beans; Lupins | |
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Current | |
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circa 1960 |
UK regulatory status |
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Not approved | ||
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Not applicable | ||
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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UK | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not applicable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Also used in |
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Australia, USA |
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Chemical structure |
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C₇H₁₂ClN₅ | |
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CCNC1=NC(=NC(=N1)Cl)NCC | |
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No data | |
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ODCWYMIRDDJXKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C7H12ClN5/c1-3-9-6-11-5(8)12-7(13-6)10-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3,(H2,9,10,11,12,13) | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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simazine | - | ![]() |
General status |
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Herbicide | |
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Triazine | |
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Synthetic | |
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Selective, systemic, absorbed through roots and foliage and translocated. Inhibits photosynthesis (photosystem II). | |
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122-34-9 | |
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204-535-2 | |
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22 | |
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080807 | |
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5216 | |
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201.66 | |
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6-chloro-N2,N4-diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine | |
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6-chloro-N2,N4-diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine | |
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6-chloro-N,N'-diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine | |
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WFD priority substance; Potential groundwater and surface water contaminant; Chemical subject to PIC regulations | |
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EU Directive 2008/105/EC EQS surface waters: annual average 1.0 µg l⁻¹; max measured 4.0 µg l⁻¹ UK stutory standard for the protection of aquatic life: freshwater and salt water annual average 2 µg l⁻¹ |
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C1 | |
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5 | |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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Amaranthus albus, Amaranthus blitoides | |
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Colourless to white solid |
Formulations |
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Available in a range of formulations including wettable powders, water dispersible granules, liquids and granules. |
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5 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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570 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Ethanol3 = Unverified data of known source |
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1500 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Acetone3 = Unverified data of known source |
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130 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Toluene3 = Unverified data of known source |
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3.1 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources n-Hexane3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Decomposes before melting | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Decomposes before boiling | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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226 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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2.00 X 1002 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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2.3 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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1.3 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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1.62 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Very weak base | |||||||||||
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0.00081 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low volatility | ||||||||
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5.60 X 10-05 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Non-volatile | ||||||||
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Degradation |
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60 | DW4 DW = Don Wauchope personal database for Pka data: Wauchope, R. D. and Edwards, J. Dissociation constants for pesticide active ingredients: a database and comparison with predicted values. MS in preparation 4 = Verified data |
Moderately persistent | |||||||
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90 | B4 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) 4 = Verified data |
Moderately persistent | ||||||||
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Other sources: DT₅₀ 27-102 days (R3), 91 days at 25 °C (R4) | ||||||||||
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1.9 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Moderately fast | |||||||
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Unstable in UV light | ||||||||||
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96 | B4 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) 4 = Verified data |
Moderately persistent | |||||||
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Stable under normal environmental conditions, hydrolysis does occur in strong acid and alkai solutions | ||||||||||
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33 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources 2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Moderately fast | ||||||||
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46 | K4 K = Research datasets, e.g. Pandora, Demetra 4 = Verified data |
Stable |
Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | G3 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET (click here ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderately mobile | |||||||
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130 | ||||||||||
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Other sources: Log Koc 2.14 at 25 °C (R3), 2.11 (R3) | ||||||||||
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15.88 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Slightly mobile | |||||||
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750 | ||||||||||
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0.76 | ||||||||||
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Kf range 4.59-20.6 mL g⁻¹, Kfoc range 124-1585 mL g⁻¹, 1/n range 0.33-0.89, Soils=3 | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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2.20 | Calculated | Transition state | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1.07 X 10-01 | Calculated | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Medium | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Moderately mobile | Calculated | - |
Key metabolites |
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Soil | - | - | |||||
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Soil | - | - |
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221 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Threshold for concern | |||||||
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Not available | - | |||||||||
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> 5000 | B4 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) Rat4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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6.9 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | |||||||
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200 | - | |||||||||
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4640 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) Anas platyrhynchos5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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90 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) Lepomis macrochirus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.7 | P3 P = Other governments and regulators Unknown species3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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1.1 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) Daphnia magna5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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2.5 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Daphnia magna LOEC3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.3 | F3 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Lemna gibba3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.04 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) Scenedemus subspicatus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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0.6 | Q2 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources Unknown species2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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97 | B3 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | |||||||
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1000 | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) Eisenia foetida5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Harmless | [Dose: 1125 g ha⁻¹] AA3 AA = IOBC Database on classification of side effects to beneficial organisms, 2005 Typhlodromus pyri3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Harmless | [Dose: 1125 g ha⁻¹] AA3 AA = IOBC Database on classification of side effects to beneficial organisms, 2005 Chrysoperla carnea3 = Unverified data of known source |
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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> 5000 | B4 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) Rat4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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2000 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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5.5 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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0.005 | B4 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) UK ACP 19994 = Verified data |
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0.05 | B4 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) UK ACP 19994 = Verified data |
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List II | - | - | ||||||||
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Non-statutory WHO drinking water guideline 0.002 mg l⁻¹ | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) UK EA QS database 20185 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Health issues |
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May cause dermatitis May cause tremor, convulsions, paralysis, cyanosis, slowed respiration and diarrhea Endocrine issues - Induction of aromatase activity, increase of estrogen production |
Handling issues |
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Prevent generation of dust IMDG Transport Code is usually 9 |
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Health: H351 Environment: H400, H410 |
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Carcinogen category 3: R40 N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53 |
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S2, S36/37, S46, S60, S61 | |||
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U (Unlikely to present an acute hazard) | |||
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Usually 3077 | |||
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Packaging Group III (minor danger) |
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simazine | ||
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simazine | ||
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Simazin | ||
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simazin | ||
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simazina | ||
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simazina | ||
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simazine | ||
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symazyna | ||
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simazine |
Record last updated: | 30/12/2020 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |