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benazolin (Ref: RD 7693)
** benazoline ** Translations

Environmental Fate - Ecotoxicology - Human Health - A to Z Index - Home

SUMMARY

Benazolin is a post emergence herbicide that does not have EU approval for use. It has a moderate aqueous solubility, is semi-volatile with a high potential to leach to groundwater. It is not persistent in soil systems but may possibly be persistent in water. Benazolin has a low mammalian toxicity and is not expected to bioaccumulation. It has a low to moderate toxicity to most aquatic organisms, honeybees and earthworms.

GENERAL INFORMATION Click here for an explantaion of the general chemical status information
for benazolin

Description: A benzothiazolone herbicide for post-emergence control of annual broad-leaved weeds

Example pests controlled: Bedstraw; Chickweed; Bog stitchwort; Stellaria aquatica; Vetch; Shepherd's purse; Wild mustard; Black bindweed; Cleavers

Example applications: Cereals especially wheat; Soybeans; Oilseed rape

Availability status: Unknown

Introduction & key dates: 1964

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):
Status Not approved
Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur -
Date inclusion expires Expired

Approved for use () or known to be used () in the following European countries: Click to access a note on the approvals information on this site

AT

BE

BG

CY

CZ

DE

DK

EE

EL

ES

FI

FR

HR

HU

IE

IT

LT

LU

LV

MT

NL

PL

PT

RO

SE

SI

SK

UK

General status: Click here for further information on the general chemical status information used on this site
Pesticide type Herbicide
Substance group Benzothiazolone
Minimum active substance purity -
Known relevant impurities -
Substance origin Synthetic
Mode of action Selective, systemic growth-regulation action. Inhibits auxin transport.
CAS RN 3813-05-6
EC number 223-297-0
CIPAC number 136
US EPA chemical code -
Chiral molecule No
Chemical formula C9H6ClNO3S
SMILES Clc2cccc1SC(=O)N(c12)CC(=O)O
International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey) HYJSGOXICXYZGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
International Chemical Identifier (InChI) InChI=1S/C11H13NO4/c1-11(2)15-8-6-4-5-7(9(8)16-11)14-10(13)12-3/h4-6H,1-3H3,(H,12,13)
Structure diagram/image available? Yes
Molecular mass (g mol-1) 243.67
PIN (Preferred Identification Name) (4-chloro-2-oxo-1,3-benzothiazol-3(2H)-yl)acetic acid
IUPAC name 4-chloro-2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-1,3-benzothiazol-3-ylacetic acid
CAS name 4-chloro-2-oxo-3(2H)-benzothiazoleacetic acid
Other status information -
Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC) O
Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA) 4
Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC) Not applicable
Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC) Not applicable
Examples of recorded resistance -
Physical state Colourless crystals
Related substances & organisms

Formulations:
Property Click here for information on the general product and branding information used on this site Value
Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically
  • Bayer CropScience
  • Eastsun Chemical Co. Ltd.
  • Qiaoji Group Co. Ltd.
Example products using this active
  • Galtak
  • Benzar
  • Dasen
  • Springclene 2
  • Cornox
UK LERAP status No UK approval for use or outside scope
Formulation and application details Usually supplied as an aqueous suspension concentrate of the ethyl ester (50%).


ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for benazolin

Property Click here for information on the parameters used to describe environmental fate on this site Value Source/Quality Score/Other Information Click here for information on the primary data sources used to populate this database with fate data Interpretation Click here for information on the way in which we interpret environmental fate data
Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1) 500 B2 Moderate
Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1) 110000 L3 - Acetone -
34000 L3 - Ethanol -
23000 L3 - Ethyl acetate -
580 L3 - Xylene -
Melting point (oC) 193 L3 -
Boiling point (oC) Decomposes before boiling V3 -
Degradation point (oC) - - -
Flashpoint (oC) Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable V3 -
Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC P 2.19 X 1001 Calculated -
Log P 1.34 L3 Low
Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity 1.63 Q2 -
Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC 3.04 L3 -
Note: Weak acid
Vapour pressure at 25oC (mPa) 1.00 X 10-04 L3 Low volatility
Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1) 4.87 X 10-08 L3 Non-volatile
Henry's law constant at 20oC (dimensionless) 2.00 X 10-11 Calculated Non-volatile
GUS leaching potential index Click here for a note on the limitations of the GUS index 3.23 Calculated High leachability
SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate Click here for a note on the limitations of the SCI-GROW index Value 2.90 X 10-01 Calculated -
Note -
Potential for particle bound transport index Click here for a note on the limitations of the potential for particle bound transport index - Calculated Low
Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1 - - -
Surface tension (mN m-1) - - -

Degradation:
Property Click here for information on the parameters used to describe substance degradation Value Source/Quality Score/Other Information Click here for information on the primary data sources used to populate this database with degradation data Interpretation Click here for information on the way in which we interpret substance degradation data
Soil degradation (days) (aerobic) DT50 (typical) 21 L3 Non-persistent
DT50 (lab at 20oC) - - -
DT50 (field) - - -
DT90 (lab at 20oC) - - -
DT90 (field) - - -
Note Best available data
Plant matrix DT50 (days) Value - - -
Note -
Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7 Value Stable L3 -
Note -
Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7 Value Stable L3 -
Note Stable pH 4 to pH 9
Water-sediment DT50 (days) - - -
Water phase only DT50 (days) - - -

Soil adsorption and mobility:
Property Click here for information on the parameters used to describe substance adsorption and mobility Value Source/Quality Score/Other Information Click here for information on the primary data sources used to populate this database with adsorption and mobility data Interpretation Click here for information on the way in which we interpret substance adsorption and mobility
Linear Kd - S1 Mobile
Koc 36
Notes and range Estimated
Freundlich Kf - - -
Kfoc -
1/n -
Notes and range -
pH sensitivity -


ECOTOXICOLOGY
for benazolin

Property Click here for information on the parameters used to describe substance ecotoxicology Value Source/Quality Score/Other Information Click here for information on the primary data sources used to populate this database with ecotoxicology data Interpretation Click here for information on the way in which we interpret substance ecotoxicology
Bio-concentration factor BCF (l kg-1) 36 P4 Low potential
CT50 (days) Not available -
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) > 5000 L3 Rat Low
Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL (mg kg-1) - L3 Rat -
(ppm diet) 650 -
Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1) > 10200 L3 Coturnix japonica Low
Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50) - - -
Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) > 27 L3 Lepomis macrochirus Moderate
Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) - - -
Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1) > 233.4 L3 Daphnia magna Low
Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) - - -
Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) - - -
Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) - - -
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1) - - -
Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1) - - -
Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1) - - -
Non-target plants - - -
- - -
Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1) > 16 L1 Unknown species Low
Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1) 1 Q0 Unknown species Moderate
Honeybees Contact acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) - - -
Oral acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) - - -
Unknown mode acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) > 480 l3 Low
Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1) > 1000 Q3 Low
Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1) - - -
Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola LR50 / EC50 / NOEC / % Effect - - -
Other arthropod (1) LR50 g ha-1 - - -
% Effect - - -
Other arthropod (2) LR50 g ha-1 - - -
% Effect - - -
Soil micro-organisms - - -
Mesocosm study data NOEAEC mg l-1 - - -
NOEAEC mg l-1 - - -


HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for benazolin

General:
Property Click here for information on the parameters used to describe human health and protection issues Value Source/Quality Score/Other Information Click here for information on the primary data sources used to populate this database with human health and protection data Interpretation Click here for information on the way in which we interpret human health and protection data
Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class) Click here for a note on the limitations of the Cramer class High (class III) - -
Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) > 5000 L3 Rat Low
Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight) > 5000 L3 Rat -
Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1) 1.43 L3 Rat -
Other Mammal toxicity endpoints - -
ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1) - - -
ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1) - - -
AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1) - - -
Dermal penetration studies (%) - - -
Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464 - - -
Exposure Limits - - -
Exposure Routes Public -
Occupational -
European MRLs Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database
Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1) - - -

Health issues:
Carcinogen Mutagen Endocrine disrupter Reproduction / development effects Cholinesterase inhibitor Neurotoxicant

-

-

-

-

-

Respiratory tract irritant Skin irritant Skin sensitiser Eye irritant Phototoxicant

-

-

-

General human health issues No further information available

: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data found

Handling issues:
Property Click here for information on the parameters used to describe substance handling issues Value Source/Quality Score/Other Information Click here for information on the primary data sources used to populate this database with data on handling issues Interpretation Click here for information on the way in which we interpret data on handling issues
General Click here for a description of the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) codes No information available
CLP classification 2013 Health: H315, H319
Environment: H412
EC Risk Classification Click here to view information omn the EU risk phrases Xi - Irritant: R36/38
N - Dangerous for the environment: R52, R53
EC Safety Classification Click here to view information omn the EU safety phrases S2, S22, S61
WHO Classification III - Slightly hazardous
US EPA Classification (formulation) No consensus across products or no products available - -
UN Number -
Waste disposal & packaging Click here for a description of UN packaging marks -


TRANSLATIONS
for benazolin

Language Name
English benazolin
French benazoline
German Benazolin
Danish benazolin
Italian benazolin
Spanish benazolin
Greek benazolin
Slovenian benazolin
Polish benazolina
Swedish benazolin
Hungarian -
Dutch benazoline

Record last updated: Wednesday 02 March 2016
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk