| benazolin ethyl |
 |
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SUMMARY
Benazolin ethyl is a post emergence herbicide that does not have EU approval for use. It has a low aqueous solubility, is volatile with a low tendency to leach to groundwater. It is not persistent in soil systems but may be persistent in water. Benazolin ethyl has a low mammalian toxicity and is not expected to bioaccumulation. It has a low toxicity to birds and is moderately toxicity to most aquatic organisms and earthworms. GENERAL INFORMATION 
for benazolin ethyl
Description: A benzothiazolone herbicide for post-emergent control of annual broad-leaved weeds
Example pests controlled: Bedstraw; Chickweed; Bog stitchwort; Stellaria aquatica; Vetch; Shepherd's purse; Wild mustard; Black bindweed; Cleavers
Example applications: Cereals especially wheat; Soybeans; Oilseed rape
Availability status: Unknown
Introduction & key dates: -
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):
| Status | Not approved |
| Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur | - |
| Date inclusion expires | Expired |
Approved for use (
) or known to be used (
) in the following European countries: 
AT |
BE |
BG |
CY |
CZ |
DE |
DK |
EE |
EL |
ES |
FI |
FR |
HR |
HU |
IE |
IT |
LT |
LU |
LV |
MT |
NL |
PL |
PT |
RO |
SE |
SI |
SK |
UK |
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General status:
| Pesticide type | Herbicide | |||
| Substance group | Benzothiazolone | |||
| Minimum active substance purity | - | |||
| Known relevant impurities | - | |||
| Substance origin | Synthetic | |||
| Mode of action | Selective, systemic growth-regulation action. Synthetic auxin. | |||
| CAS RN | 25059-80-7 | |||
| EC number | 246-591-0 | |||
| CIPAC number | 136 | |||
| US EPA chemical code | 126801 | |||
| Chiral molecule | No | |||
| Chemical formula | C11H10ClNO3S | |||
| SMILES | Clc2cccc1SC(=O)N(c12)CC(=O)OCC | |||
| International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey) | WQRCEBAZAUAUQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |||
| International Chemical Identifier (InChI) | InChI=1S/C11H10ClNO3S/c1-2-16-9(14)6-13-10-7(12)4-3-5-8(10)17-11(13)15/h3-5H,2,6H2,1H3 | |||
| Structure diagram/image available? | Yes | |||
| Molecular mass (g mol-1) | 271.72 | |||
| PIN (Preferred Identification Name) | ethyl (4-chloro-2-oxo-1,3-benzothiazol-3(2H)-yl)acetate | |||
| IUPAC name | ethyl 4-chloro-2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-1,3-benzothiazol-3-ylacetate | |||
| CAS name | ethyl 4-chloro-2-oxo-3(2H)-benzothiazoleacetate | |||
| Other status information | - | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC) | O | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA) | 4 | |||
| Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Examples of recorded resistance | - | |||
| Physical state | White crystalline solid | |||
| Related substances & organisms | - | |||
Formulations:
| Property |
Value | |||
| Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically |
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| Example products using this active |
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| UK LERAP status | No UK approval for use or outside scope | |||
| Formulation and application details | Usually supplied as an aqueous suspension concentrate. | |||
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for benazolin ethyl
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1) | 47.0 | L3 | Low | |
| Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1) | 229000 | L3 - Acetone | - | |
| 603000 | L3 - Dichloromethane | - | ||
| 148000 | L3 - Ethyl acetate | - | ||
| 28500 | L3 - Toluene | - | ||
| Melting point (oC) | 79.2 | L3 | - | |
| Boiling point (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Degradation point (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Flashpoint (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC | P | 3.16 X 1002 | Calculated | - |
| Log P | 2.5 | L3 | Low | |
| Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity | 1.45 | L3 | - | |
| Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC | - | - | - | |
| Note: | ||||
| Vapour pressure at 25oC (mPa) | 0.37 | L3 | Low volatility | |
| Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1) | - | - | - | |
| Henry's law constant at 20oC (dimensionless) | 8.78 X 10-07 | Calculated | Moderately volatile | |
GUS leaching potential index  |
0.15 | Calculated | Low leachability | |
| SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate |
Value | 3.65 X 10-04 | Calculated | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Potential for particle bound transport index |
- | Calculated | Medium | |
| Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1 | - | - | - | |
| Surface tension (mN m-1) | - | - | - | |
Degradation:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Soil degradation (days) (aerobic) | DT50 (typical) | 1.5 | L3 | Non-persistent |
| DT50 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 (field) | - | - | - | |
| DT90 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT90 (field) | - | - | - | |
| Note | Best available data | |||
| Plant matrix DT50 (days) | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7 | Value | Stable | L3 | - |
| Note | Stable | |||
| Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7 | Value | Stable | L3 | - |
| Note | Stable pH 4 to pH 7, DT50: 7.6 days at pH 9, 25 degC | |||
| Water-sediment DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
| Water phase only DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
Soil adsorption and mobility:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Linear | Kd | - | Q2 | Slightly mobile |
| Koc | 1322 | |||
| Notes and range | Estimated | |||
| Freundlich | Kf | - | - | - |
| Kfoc | - | |||
| 1/n | - | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| pH sensitivity | - | |||
ECOTOXICOLOGY
for benazolin ethyl
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Bio-concentration factor | BCF (l kg-1) | Low risk | Q3 Based on LogP < 3 | Low potential |
| CT50 (days) | - | - | ||
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 4000 | L3 Mouse | Low | |
| Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL | (mg kg-1) | - | - | - |
| (ppm diet) | - | - | ||
| Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 3000 | L3 Anas platyrhynchos | Low | |
| Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50) | - | - | - | |
| Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | > 2.8 | L3 Lepomis macrochirus | Moderate | |
| Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1) | > 6.2 | L3 Daphnia magna | Moderate | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | 0.005 | L3 Daphnia magna | High | |
| Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Non-target plants | - | - | - | |
| - | - | - | ||
| Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1) | > 16.0 | L3 Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata | Low | |
| Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1) | > 1.0 | L3 Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata | Low | |
| Honeybees | Contact acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - |
| Oral acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Unknown mode acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1) | > 1000 | L3 | Low | |
| Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola | LR50 / EC50 / NOEC / % Effect | - | - | - |
| Other arthropod (1) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Other arthropod (2) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Soil micro-organisms | - | - | - | |
| Mesocosm study data | NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - |
| NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - | |
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for benazolin ethyl
General:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class) |
High (class III) | - | - | |
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 4000 | L3 Mouse | Low | |
| Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight) | > 2100 | L3 Rat | - | |
| Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1) | 5.5 | L3 Rat | - | |
| Other Mammal toxicity endpoints | - | - | ||
| ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.006 | L3 Dog | - | |
| ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| Dermal penetration studies (%) | - | - | - | |
| Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464 | - | - | - | |
| Exposure Limits | - | - | - | |
| Exposure Routes | Public | - | ||
| Occupational | - | |||
| European MRLs | Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database | |||
| Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1) | - | - | - | |
Health issues:
| Carcinogen | Mutagen | Endocrine disrupter | Reproduction / development effects | Cholinesterase inhibitor | Neurotoxicant | |||
- |
- |
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| Respiratory tract irritant | Skin irritant | Skin sensitiser | Eye irritant | Phototoxicant | ||||
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
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| General human health issues | No further information available | |||||||
: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data found
Handling issues:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| General |
No information available | |||
| CLP classification 2013 | Health: H315, H319 Environment: H412 |
|||
| EC Risk Classification |
N - Dangerous for the environment: R51, R53 | |||
| EC Safety Classification |
S61 | |||
| WHO Classification | NL | - | Not listed | |
| US EPA Classification (formulation) | No products available | - | - | |
| UN Number | - | |||
| Waste disposal & packaging |
- | |||
TRANSLATIONS
for benazolin ethyl
| Language | Name |
| English | benazolin ethyl |
| French | benazoline-ethyl |
| German | Benazolin-ethyl |
| Danish | benazolin-ethyl |
| Italian | benazolin-etile |
| Spanish | benazolin-etil |
| Greek | benazolin-ethyl |
| Slovenian | benazolin etil |
| Polish | benazolina etylowa |
| Swedish | - |
| Hungarian | - |
| Dutch | benazoline-ethyl |
Record last updated: Wednesday 02 December 2015
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk