| uniconazole (Ref: XE 1019) |
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SUMMARY
Uniconazole is a plant growth regulator without EU regulatory approval for use. It has a low water solubility, is quite volatile and there is also a slight risk of leaching to groundwater. It can be persistent in both soil and aquatic systems. It is moderately toxic to mammals but would not be expected to bioaccumulate. It shows a moderate level of toxicity to most aquatic species honey bees, earthworms and birds. GENERAL INFORMATION 
for uniconazole
Description: A plant growth regulator used to reduce vegetative growth and increase flowering
Example pests controlled: Growth
Example applications: Bedding plants including calibrachoa, celosia, petunia, salvia, scaevola, dahlia, marigold, verbena, viola; Woody landscape ornamentals; Tomatoes; Peppers; Cucumbers; Avocado
Efficacy & activity: -
Availability status: Current
Introduction & key dates: 1985
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):
| Status | Not approved |
| Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur | Not applicable |
| Date inclusion expires | Not applicable |
| EU Candidate for substitution (CfS) | Not applicable |
| Listed in EU database | Yes |
Approved for use (
) or known to be used (
) in the following European countries: 
AT |
BE |
BG |
CY |
CZ |
DE |
DK |
EE |
EL |
ES |
FI |
FR |
HR |
HU |
IE |
IT |
LT |
LU |
LV |
MT |
NL |
PL |
PT |
RO |
SE |
SI |
SK |
UK |
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Also used in: USA
Chemical structure:
| Isomerism | Exists as optical isomers. Uniconazole-P is the most biologically active isomer. |
| Chemical formula | C15H18ClN3O |
| Canonical SMILES | CC(C)(C)C(C(=CC1=CC=C(C=C1)Cl)N2C=NC=N2)O |
| Isomeric SMILES | CC(C)(C)C(/C(=C\C1=CC=C(C=C1)Cl)/N2C=NC=N2)O |
| International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey) | YNWVFADWVLCOPU-MDWZMJQESA-N |
| International Chemical Identifier (InChI) | InChI=1S/C15H18ClN3O/c1-15(2,3)14(20)13(19-10-17-9-18-19)8-11-4-6-12(16)7-5-11/h4-10,14,20H,1-3H3/b13-8+/t14-/m1/s1 |
| 2D structure diagram/image available? | Yes |
Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre diagrams:
| Common Name | Relationship | Link |
| (R)-uniconazole | R-isomer |  |
General status:
| Pesticide type | Plant growth regulator | |||
| Substance group | Triazole | |||
| Minimum active substance purity | - | |||
| Known relevant impurities | - | |||
| Substance origin | Synthetic | |||
| Mode of action | Inhibits gibberellin biosynthesis | |||
| CAS RN | 83657-17-4 | |||
| EC number | - | |||
| CIPAC number | None allocated | |||
| US EPA chemical code | 128976 | |||
| PubChem CID | 6436604 | |||
| Molecular mass (g mol-1) | 291.78 | |||
| PIN (Preferred Identification Name) | rac-(1E,3R)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol | |||
| IUPAC name | (E)-(RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol | |||
| CAS name | (βE)-β-((4-chlorophenyl)methylene)-α-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol | |||
| Other status information | - | |||
| Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards | - | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA) | Not applicable | |||
| Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC) | Not known | |||
| Examples of recorded resistance | - | |||
| Physical state | Off-white crystalline solid | |||
| Related substances & organisms | - | |||
Formulations:
| Property |
Value | |||
| Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically |
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| Example products using this active |
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| UK LERAP status | No UK approval for use as a pesticide under EC Regulation 1107/2009 | |||
| Formulation and application details | Usually supplied as a suspension concentrate for use as a foliar spray, drench or bulb dip. | |||
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for uniconazole
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1) | 8.41 | V3 - @ 25 DegC | Low | |
| Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1) | 88000 | L2 - Methanol, mg kg-1 | - | |
| 300 | L2 - Hexane, mg kg-1 | - | ||
| 7000 | L2 - Xylene, mg kg-1 | - | ||
| Melting point (oC) | 155.5 | L3 | - | |
| Boiling point (oC) | 475 | E3 | - | |
| Degradation point (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Flashpoint (oC) | - | - | - | |
| Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC | P | 6.92 X 1003 | Calculated | - |
| Log P | 3.84 | K3 | High | |
| Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity | 1.18 | E3 | - | |
| Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC | 13.07 | E3 | - | |
| Note: | ||||
| Vapour pressure at 20oC (mPa) | 8.9 | L3 | Moderately volatile | |
| Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1) | - | - | - | |
GUS leaching potential index  |
3.10 | Calculated | High leachability | |
| SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate |
Value | 3.89 X 10-01 | Calculated | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Potential for particle bound transport index |
- | Calculated | Medium | |
| Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1 | - | - | - | |
| Surface tension (mN m-1) | - | - | - | |
Degradation:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
General biodegradability | - |
| Soil degradation (days) (aerobic) | DT50 (typical) | 100 | F4 | Persistent |
| DT50 (lab at 20oC) | 100 | F4 | Persistent | |
| DT50 (field) | 435 | F3 | Very persistent | |
| DT90 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT90 (field) | - | - | - | |
| DT50 modelling endpoint | - | - | - | |
| Note | Best available data | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on plant matrix | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Dissipation rate RL50 on and in plant matrix | Value | 4.1 | R3 | - |
| Note | Wheat, whole plant, n=1 | |||
| Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7 | Value | 30 | F3 | Stable |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7 | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Water-sediment DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
| Water phase only DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
Soil adsorption and mobility:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Linear | Kd | - | F3 | Slightly mobile |
| Koc | 670 | |||
| Notes and range | Koc range 250 (sandy loam) to 1100 (loam) mL/g, Soils=11 | |||
| Freundlich | Kf | - | - | - |
| Kfoc | - | |||
| 1/n | - | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| pH sensitivity | - | |||
Other known metabolites:
| Metabolite name and reference | Aliases | Formation medium / Rate | Estimated maximum occurrence fraction | Metabolising enzymes |
| z-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1-penten-3-one | - | Soil (Aerobic) | - | - |
| 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1,2-epoxypentan-3-ol | - | Soil (Aerobic) | - | - |
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Bio-concentration factor | BCF (l kg-1) | - | - | - |
| CT50 (days) | - | - | ||
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | 430 | F3 Rat | Moderate | |
| Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL | (mg kg-1) | 2.25 | F3 Rat | High |
| (ppm diet) | - | - | ||
| Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 1155 | F5 Colinus virginianus | Moderate | |
| Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50) | - | - | - | |
| Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | 14.8 | F5 Oncorhynchus mykiss | Moderate | |
| Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1) | 10 | F5 Daphnia magna | Moderate | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Non-target plants | - | - | - | |
| - | - | - | ||
| Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Honeybees (Apis spp.) | Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | > 20 | F3 Apis mellifera | Moderate |
| Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Unknown mode acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Bumblebees (Bombus spp.) | Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - |
| - | ||||
| Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| - | ||||
| Mason bees (Osmia spp.) | Contact acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - |
| Oral acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other pollinators (1) | Acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect-1) | - | - | - |
| Mode of exposure | - | |||
| Other pollinators (2) | Acute LD50 (worst case from 24 , 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect-1) | - | - | - |
| Mode of exposure | - | |||
| Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1) | 1000 | F3 | Moderate | |
| Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other soil macro-organisms | Acute LC50 (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | Chronic NOEC (mg kg-1) | - | - | - |
| Other arthropod (1) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Other arthropod (2) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Soil micro-organisms | - | - | - | |
| Mesocosm study data | NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - |
| NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - | |
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for uniconazole
General:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class) |
High (class III) | - | - | |
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | 430 | F3 Rat | Moderate | |
| Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight) | > 2000 | L3 Rat | - | |
| Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1) | 2.75 | L3 Rat, 4 hr | - | |
| Other Mammal toxicity endpoints | - | - | ||
| ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.02 | F3 | - | |
| ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg-1 bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1) | - | - | - | |
| Dermal penetration studies (%) | - | - | - | |
| Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464 | - | - | - | |
| Exposure Routes | Public | - | ||
| Occupational | - | |||
| European MRLs | Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database | |||
| Drinking Water Standards | - | - | - | |
| Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1) | - | - | - | |
Health issues:
| Carcinogen | Genotoxic | Endocrine disrupter | Reproduction / development effects | Cholinesterase inhibitor | Neurotoxicant | |||
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A3; B0; C0; D0; E3 | - |
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| Respiratory tract irritant | Skin irritant | Skin sensitiser | Eye irritant | Phototoxicant | ||||
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| General human health issues | Slightly toxic if ingested USEPA - possible human carcinogen |
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| Key: Genotoxicity A: Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) B: DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) C: Gene mutation (EFSA database) D: Genome mutation (EFSA database) E: Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0: No data 1: Positive 2: Mixed/ambiguous results 3: Negative |
Key: Other : Yes, known to cause a problem  : No, known not to cause a problem  : Possibly, status not identified - : No data found |
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Handling issues:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| General |
No information available | |||
| CLP classification 2013 | Health: H302 | |||
| EC Risk Classification |
N - Dangerous for the environment: R52/53 | |||
| EC Safety Classification |
S23, S25 | |||
| WHO Classification | II | - | Moderately hazardous | |
| UN Number | Not regulated | |||
| Waste disposal & packaging |
- | |||
| Language | Name |
| English | uniconazole |
| French | uniconazole |
| German | Uniconazol |
| Danish | uniconazol |
| Italian | uniconazolo |
| Spanish | uniconazol |
| Greek | - |
| Slovenian | unikonazol |
| Polish | unikonazol |
| Swedish | - |
| Hungarian | - |
| Dutch | - |
Record last updated: Saturday 29 June 2019
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk