Uniconazole (Ref: XE 1019)

Uniconazole (Ref: XE 1019)	Last updated: 20/03/2021
(Also known as: S-uniconazole; lomica; S 3307D)

SUMMARY

Uniconazole is a plant growth regulator without EU regulatory approval for use. It has a low water solubility, is quite volatile and there is also a slight risk of leaching to groundwater. It can be persistent in both soil and aquatic systems. It is moderately toxic to mammals but would not be expected to bioaccumulate. It shows a moderate level of toxicity to most aquatic species honey bees, earthworms and birds.

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A plant growth regulator used to reduce vegetative growth and increase flowering

Example pests controlled

Growth

Example applications

Bedding plants including calibrachoa, celosia, petunia, salvia, scaevola, dahlia, marigold, verbena, viola; Woody landscape ornamentals; Tomatoes; Peppers; Cucumbers; Avocado

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

1985

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Not approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

Not applicable

UK LERAP status

No UK approval for use

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Not approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Not applicable

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

Not applicable

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Not applicable

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece

ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg

LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia

Also used in

USA

Chemical structure

Isomerism

Exists as optical isomers. Uniconazole-P is the most biologically active isomer.

Chemical formula

C₁₅H₁₈ClN₃O

Canonical SMILES

CC(C)(C)C(C(=CC1=CC=C(C=C1)Cl)N2C=NC=N2)O

Isomeric SMILES

CC(C)(C)C(/C(=C\C1=CC=C(C=C1)Cl)/N2C=NC=N2)O

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

YNWVFADWVLCOPU-MDWZMJQESA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C15H18ClN3O/c1-15(2,3)14(20)13(19-10-17-9-18-19)8-11-4-6-12(16)7-5-11/h4-10,14,20H,1-3H3/b13-8+/t14-/m1/s1

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre diagrams

Common Name	Relationship	Link
(R)-uniconazole	R-isomer

General status

Pesticide type

Plant growth regulator

Substance group

Triazole

Minimum active substance purity

Known relevant impurities

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Inhibits gibberellin biosynthesis

CAS RN

83657-17-4

EC number

CIPAC number

None allocated

US EPA chemical code

128976

PubChem CID

6436604

Molecular mass

291.78

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

rac-(1E,3R)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol

IUPAC name

(E)-(RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol

CAS name

(βE)-β-((4-chlorophenyl)methylene)-α-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol

Other status information

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)

Not applicable

Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)

Not known

Examples of recorded resistance

Physical state

Off-white crystalline solid

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Uniconazole 50
Sumagic Plant Growth Regulator
Sunny

Example products using this active

Sumitomo Chemical

Formulation and application details

Usually supplied as a suspension concentrate for use as a foliar spray, drench or bulb dip

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

8.41

at 25 °C

Low

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

88000

Methanol mg kg⁻¹

300

Hexane mg kg⁻¹

7000

Xylene mg kg⁻¹

Melting point (°C)

155.5

Boiling point (°C)

475

Degradation point (°C)

Flashpoint (°C)

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

6.92 X 10⁰³

Calculated

Log P

3.84

High

Bulk density (g ml⁻¹)

1.18

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

13.07

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

8.9

Moderately volatile

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

100

Persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

100

Persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

435

Very persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

Best available data

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on and in plant matrix

Value

4.1

Note

Wheat, whole plant, n=1

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Stable

Note

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

Note

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d

Slightly mobile

K_oc

670

Notes and range

K_oc range 250 (sandy loam) to 1100 (loam) mL g⁻¹, Soils=11

Freundlich

K_f

K_foc

¹/_n

Notes and range

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

3.10

Calculated

High leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

3.89 X 10^-01

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Medium

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Slightly mobile

Calculated

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference

Aliases

Formation medium / Rate

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Metabolising enzymes

z-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1-penten-3-one

Soil (Aerobic)

1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1,2-epoxypentan-3-ol

Soil (Aerobic)

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

CT₅₀ (days)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

430

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

2.25

Rat

High

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

> 1155

Colinus virginianus

Moderate

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

14.8

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Moderate

Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

Non-target plants

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 20

Apis mellifera

Moderate

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other pollinators (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Other pollinators (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

Mode of exposure

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

1000

Moderate

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

Other soil macro-organisms

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Other arthropod (1)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

% Effect

Other arthropod (2)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

% Effect

Soil micro-organisms

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

430

Rat

Moderate

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

2000

Rat

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

2.75

Rat 4 hr

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.02

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

Dermal penetration studies (%)

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

Exposure Routes

Public

Occupational

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

No data found

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

No data found

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

No data found

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

Slightly toxic if ingested
USEPA - possible human carcinogen

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

No information available

CLP classification 2013

Health: H302

EC Risk Classification

N - Dangerous for the environment: R52/53

EC Safety Classification

S23, S25

WHO Classification

II (Moderately hazardous)

UN Number

Not regulated

Waste disposal & packaging

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

uniconazole

French

uniconazole

German

Uniconazol

Danish

uniconazol

Italian

uniconazolo

Spanish

uniconazol

Greek

Polish

unikonazol

Swedish

Hungarian

Dutch

Record last updated:	20/03/2021
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242