| bromadiolone (Ref: LM 637) |
 |
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GENERAL INFORMATION 
for bromadiolone
Description: An anti-coagulant coumarin-derivative rodenticide mainly used for indoor applications
Example pests controlled: Rats; Mice
Example applications: Houses; Commercial buildings; Industrial sites
Availability status: Current
Introduction & key dates: 1976, first reported
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414):
| Status | Approved |
| Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur | Sweden |
| Date inclusion expires | 31/05/2021 |
Approved for use (
) or known to be used (
) in the following European countries: 
AT |
BE |
BG |
CY |
CZ |
DE |
DK |
EE |
EL |
ES |
FI |
FR |
HR |
HU |
IE |
IT |
LT |
LU |
LV |
MT |
NL |
PL |
PT |
RO |
SE |
SI |
SK |
UK |
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Also used in: Australia, USA
General status:
| Pesticide type | Rodenticide | |||
| Substance group | Coumarin anticoagulant | |||
| Minimum active substance purity | 970 | |||
| Known relevant impurities | EU dossier - none declared | |||
| Substance origin | Synthetic | |||
| Mode of action | Second generation anticoagulant which blocks prothrombin formation, inhibits blood coagulation | |||
| CAS RN | 28772-56-7 | |||
| EC number | 249-205-9 | |||
| CIPAC number | 371 | |||
| US EPA chemical code | 112001 | |||
| Chiral molecule | Chiral, a specific isomer or a derivative of a chiral molecule | |||
| Chemical formula | C30H23BrO4 | |||
| SMILES | C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(CC(C2=CC=C(C=C2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)Br)O)C4=C(OC5=CC=CC=C5C4=O)O | |||
| International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey) | OWNRRUFOJXFKCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |||
| International Chemical Identifier (InChI) | InChI=1S/C30H23BrO4/c31-23-16-14-20(15-17-23)19-10-12-22(13-11-19)26(32)18-25(21-6-2-1-3-7-21)28-29(33)24-8-4-5-9-27(24)35-30(28)34/h1-17,25-26,32-33H,18H2 | |||
| Structure diagram/image available? | Yes | |||
| Molecular mass (g mol-1) | 527.40 | |||
| PIN (Preferred Identification Name) | 3-[(1E,3E)-3-(4'-bromo[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-hydroxy-1-phenylpropyl]-4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one | |||
| IUPAC name | 3-[(1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl)-3-hydroxy-1-phenylpropyl]-4-hydroxycoumarin | |||
| CAS name | 3-[3-(4'-bromo[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-hydroxy-1-phenylpropyl]-4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one | |||
| Other status information | - | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA) | Not applicable | |||
| Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC) | Not applicable | |||
| Examples of recorded resistance | - | |||
| Physical state | Odourless white powder | |||
| Related substances & organisms | - | |||
Formulations:
| Property |
Value | |||
| Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically |
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| Example products using this active |
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| UK LERAP status | No UK approval for use or outside scope | |||
| Formulation and application details | Usually supplied in ready-to-use bait formulations such as granules, blocks and pellets. | |||
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
for bromadiolone
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Solubility - In water at 20oC (mg l-1) | 18.4 | A5 | Low | |
| Solubility - In organic solvents at 20oC (mg l-1) | 10000 | A5 - Ethyl acetate | - | |
| 12000 | A4 - Acetone | - | ||
| 8200 | C4 - Ethanol | - | ||
| 5600 | C4 - Methanol | - | ||
| Melting point (oC) | 199 | A5 | - | |
| Boiling point (oC) | Decomposes before boiling | A5 | - | |
| Degradation point (oC) | 200 | L3 | - | |
| Flashpoint (oC) | Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable | A5 | - | |
| Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20oC | P | 1.17 X 1004 | Calculated | - |
| Log P | 4.07 | A4 | High | |
| Bulk density (g ml-1)/Specific gravity | - | - | - | |
| Dissociation constant (pKa) at 25oC | 4.04 | V3 | - | |
| Note: Weak acid | ||||
| Vapour pressure at 25oC (mPa) | 2.13 X 10-05 | A5 | Low volatility | |
| Henry's law constant at 25oC (Pa m3 mol-1) | 8.99 X 10-07 | A5 | Non-volatile | |
| Henry's law constant at 20oC (dimensionless) | 2.51 X 10-10 | Calculated | Non-volatile | |
GUS leaching potential index  |
0.90 | Calculated | Low leachability | |
| SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l-1) for a 1 kg ha-1 or 1 l ha-1 application rate |
Value | 1.47 X 10-02 | Calculated | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Potential for particle bound transport index |
- | Calculated | High | |
| Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol-1 cm-1 | Neutral solution: 206-214nm = 74211, 260-266nm = 29157, 312-314nm = 13895; [Acidic solution: 206-214nm = 64736, 250-266nm = 33316, 313-314nm = 12263; [Alkaline solution: 206-214nm = 127895, 260-266nm = 28526, 312-314nm = 13895 | A5 | - | |
| Surface tension (mN m-1) | 71.2 | A5 | - | |
Degradation:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Soil degradation (days) (aerobic) | DT50 (typical) | 53 | C4 | Moderately persistent |
| DT50 (lab at 20oC) | 14 | A5 | Non-persistent | |
| DT50 (field) | 4.6 | F4 | Non-persistent | |
| DT90 (lab at 20oC) | - | - | - | |
| DT90 (field) | - | - | - | |
| Note | EU dossier Lab studies DT50 range 2.8-269 days, DT90 range14-658 days | |||
| Plant matrix DT50 (days) | Value | - | - | - |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous photolysis DT50 (days) at pH 7 | Value | 0.1 | C4 | Fast |
| Note | - | |||
| Aqueous hydrolysis DT50 (days) at 20oC and pH 7 | Value | 30 | C4 | Moderately persistent |
| Note | - | |||
| Water-sediment DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
| Water phase only DT50 (days) | - | - | - | |
Soil adsorption and mobility:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Linear | Kd | - | - | - |
| Koc | - | |||
| Notes and range | - | |||
| Freundlich | Kf | 7.9 | A3 | Slightly mobile |
| Kfoc | 1636 | |||
| 1/n | 0.77 | |||
| Notes and range | EU dossier Kd range 5.3-10.4 mL/g, Kfoc range 1563-1709 mL/g, 1/n range 0.652-0.887, Soils=2 | |||
| pH sensitivity | Lower adsoption under alkaline conditions than under acidic. | |||
Other known metabolites:
| Metabolite name and reference | Aliases | Formation medium / Rate | Estimated maximum occurrence fraction | Metabolising enzymes |
| 3-[(1RS)-3-(4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl)-3-oxo-1-phenylpropyl]-4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one Note: Moderately persistent |
bromadiolone ketone | Soil | 0.40 | - |
| (1RS,3RS)-5-(4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl)-1,3-diphenylpentan-1-ol | - | Soil | 0.19 | - |
| (1RS,3RS,5RS)-1-(4'-bromobiphenyl-4-yl)-3,5-diphenylpentane-1,5-diol | - | Soil | 0.25 | - |
ECOTOXICOLOGY
for bromadiolone
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Bio-concentration factor | BCF (l kg-1) | 867 | Q2 Estimated | Threshold for concern |
| CT50 (days) | Not available | - | ||
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 0.56 | A5 Rat | High | |
| Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL | (mg kg-1) | - | - | - |
| (ppm diet) | - | - | ||
| Birds - Acute LD50 (mg kg-1) | 138 | A5 Colinus virginianus | Moderate | |
| Birds - Short term dietary (LC50/LD50) | - | - | - | |
| Fish - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | > 8.0 | A5 Oncorhynchus mykiss | Moderate | |
| Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC50 (mg l-1) | 2 | A5 Daphnia magna | Moderate | |
| Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC50 (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC50, biomass (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Non-target plants | - | - | - | |
| - | - | - | ||
| Algae - Acute 72 hour EC50, growth (mg l-1) | 0.017 | A5 Scenedemus subspicatus | Moderate | |
| Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l-1) | - | - | - | |
| Honeybees | Contact acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - |
| Oral acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Unknown mode acute 48 hour LD50 (μg bee-1) | - | - | - | |
| Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC50 (mg kg-1) | > 4.74 | A5 | High | |
| Earthworms - Chronic 14 day NOEC, reproduction (mg kg-1) | - | - | - | |
| Other soil macro-organisms - e.g. Collembola | LR50 / EC50 / NOEC / % Effect | - | - | - |
| Other arthropod (1) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Other arthropod (2) | LR50 g ha-1 | - | - | - |
| % Effect | - | - | - | |
| Soil micro-organisms | - | - | - | |
| Mesocosm study data | NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - |
| NOEAEC mg l-1 | - | - | - | |
HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION
for bromadiolone
General:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class) |
High (class III) | - | - | |
| Mammals - Acute oral LD50 (mg kg-1) | > 0.56 | A5 Rat | High | |
| Mammals - Dermal LD50 (mg kg-1 body weight) | > 1.30 | A5 Rat | - | |
| Mammals - Inhalation LC50 (mg l-1) | 0.0043 | A5 Rat, 4 hr | - | |
| Other Mammal toxicity endpoints | - | - | ||
| ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg-1bw day-1) | Not relevant | A3 | - | |
| ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg-1bw day-1) | Not relevant | A3 | - | |
| AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg-1bw day-1) | 0.0012 | A4 Rabbit, SF=857 | - | |
| Dermal penetration studies (%) | 1.6 | A5 | - | |
| Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464 | - | - | - | |
| Exposure Limits | - | - | - | |
| Exposure Routes | Public | Small risk identified from possible bait contact | ||
| Occupational | Absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, from intact skin, and the respiratory system - PPE/PPC advised | |||
| European MRLs | Click here for the EU MRL pesticide database | |||
| Drinking Water MAC (μg l-1) | 0.016 | A5 | - | |
Health issues:
| Carcinogen | Mutagen | Endocrine disrupter | Reproduction / development effects | Cholinesterase inhibitor | Neurotoxicant | |||
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| Respiratory tract irritant | Skin irritant | Skin sensitiser | Eye irritant | Phototoxicant | ||||
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| General human health issues | Anticoagulant and may cause haemorrhaging It is very toxic by inhalation, contact with the skin and by ingestion Slight eye irritant |
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: Yes, known to cause a problem
: No, known not to cause a problem
: Possibly, status not identified
- : No data found
Handling issues:
| Property |
Value | Source/Quality Score/Other Information |
Interpretation |
|
| General |
Not oxidising or explosive | |||
| CLP classification 2013 | - | |||
| EC Risk Classification |
Xn - Harmful: R21, R22 | |||
| EC Safety Classification |
S13, S21/22, S24, S36/37, S46 | |||
| WHO Classification | Ia | - | Extremely hazardous | |
| US EPA Classification (formulation) | I | - | Danger - Highly toxic | |
| UN Number | 3027 | |||
| Waste disposal & packaging |
- | |||
| Language | Name |
| English | bromadiolone |
| French | bromadiolone |
| German | Bromadiolon |
| Danish | bromadiolon |
| Italian | bromadiolone |
| Spanish | bromadiolona |
| Greek | - |
| Slovenian | bromadiolon |
| Polish | bromadiolon |
| Swedish | bromadiolon |
| Hungarian | - |
| Dutch | bromadiolon |
Record last updated: Thursday 03 March 2016
Contact: aeru@herts.ac.uk