Tylosin |
![]() Last updated: 31/08/2023 |
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(Also known as: tylosin A) |
Data alerts |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate | Ecotoxicity | Human health |
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![]() Significant data are missing |
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A broad spectrum natural antibiotic licensed for use in livestock for the treatment of various infections e.g. pneumonia, foot rot and shipping fever in cattle | |
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- | |
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Banned in EU as growth promotor; Not approved as a feed additive in EU | |
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Cattle, Pigs, Poultry |
Chemical structure |
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Isomeric | |
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C₄₆H₇₇NO₁₇ | |
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CCC1C(C=C(C=CC(=O)C(CC(C(C(C(CC(=O)O1)O)C)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)C)OC3CC(C(C(O3)C)O)(C)O)N(C)C)O)CC=O)C)C)COC4C(C(C(C(O4)C)O)OC)OC | |
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CC[C@@H]1C(/C=C(/C=C/C(=O)[C@@H](C[C@@H]([C@@H](C([C@@H](CC(=O)O1)O)C)O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)C)O[C@H]3C[C@@]([C@H]([C@@H](O3)C)O)(C)O)N(C)C)O)CC=O)C)\C)COC4[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O4)C)O)OC)OC | |
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WBPYTXDJUQJLPQ-TZNGNTBMSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C46H77NO17/c1-13-33-30(22-58-45-42(57-12)41(56-11)37(52)26(5)60-45)18-23(2)14-15-31(49)24(3)19-29(16-17-48)39(25(4)32(50)20-34(51)62-33)64-44-38(53)36(47(9)10)40(27(6)61-44)63-35-21-46(8,55)43(54)28(7)59-35/h14-15,17-18,24-30,32-33,35-45,50,52-55H,13,16,19-22H2,1-12H3/b15-14+,23-18+/t24-,25+,26-,27-,28+,29+,30-,32-,33-,35+,36-,37-,38-,39-,40-,41-,42-,43+,44+,45-,46-/m1/s1 | |
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Yes |
General status |
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Antibiotic, Antibacterial, Feed additive, Growth promotor | |
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Macrolide | |
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- | |
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Natural | |
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Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis | |
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[50S ribosomal protein L10, antagonist] | |
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1401-69-0 | |
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215-754-8 | |
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- | |
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- | |
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5280440 | |
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QJ01FA90; QJ51FA90 | |
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Antiinfectants for systemic use: Antibacterials for systemic use, Antibacterials for intramammary use | |
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No | |
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Allowed substance (Table 1: All food producing species) | |
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916.10 | |
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- | |
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2-[(4R,6S,7R,9R,11E,13E,16R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-16-ethyl-4-hydroxy-15-[[(3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-5,9,13-trimethyl-2,10-dioxo-1-oxacyclohexadeca-11,13-dien-7-yl]acetaldehyde | |
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- | |
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Possible groundwater contaminant | |
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- | |
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White or off-white coloured powder |
Formulations |
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Bilosin 200 mg/ml injection | Bimeda Chemicals Ltd | UK National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | ||||||
Pharmasin Oral Granules | Huvepharma N.V. | EC Mutually recognised procedure | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Tyluvet 20% Solution for Injection | Cross Vetpharm Group | UK National authorisation (IC) | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
Norotyl LA 15% w/v Suspension for Injection | Norbrook Laboratories Ltd | UK National authorisation | Prescription only medicine to be authorised by a veterinarian (POM-V) | |||||||
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Available in injectable, intramammary and oral formulations with different product ranges available in different countries |
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5000 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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130 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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2.57 X 1003 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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3.41 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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13.0 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
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2.63 X 10-29 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low volatility | ||||||||
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2.0 X 10-26 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Non-volatile | ||||||||
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UV max: approx 282nm | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Degradation |
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96 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Moderately persistent | |||||||
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General literature varies: DT₅₀ >5 days to 95-97 days | ||||||||||
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5.0 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications DT₅₀ 4.2 days in slurry/sand & 5.7 days slurry/sandy loam4 = Verified data |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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52.4 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Slightly mobile | |||||||
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3744 | ||||||||||
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Literatue data: Kd range 8.3-128 mL g⁻¹, Koc values range 553-7988 mL g⁻¹, soils=4 | ||||||||||
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4.4 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
Moderately mobile | |||||||
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323.7 | ||||||||||
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1.15 | ||||||||||
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Literatue data: Kf range 2.3-7.0 mL g⁻¹, Kfoc range 153.3-518.2 mL g⁻¹, 1/n range 1.06-1.20, soils=4 | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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2.95 | Calculated | High leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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4 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not available | - |
Known soil and groundwater metabolites |
None
Other known metabolites |
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dihydrodesmycosin | - | Animal | - | - |
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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> 5000 | P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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> 2122 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Gallus domesticus3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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4710 mg kg⁻¹ | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Colinus virginianus3 = Unverified data of known source |
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4530 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Aporrectodea caliginosa4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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483 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Daphnia magna4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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90 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Daphnia magna4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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45.0 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Lemna gibba NOEC 7 day4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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1.38 | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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> 5000 | P3 P = Other non-EU, UK or US Governments and Regulators Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Low | ||||||||
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Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ = 600 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Intravenous LD₅₀ = 600 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Occupational exposure may occur through inhalation and dermal contact | ||||||||||
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Excreted rapidly in urine. Also found in milk | R3 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Health issues |
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May cause diarrhoea and gastrointestinal disturbance |
Handling issues |
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When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxide | |||
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Not listed (Not listed) | |||
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tylosin | ||
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tylosine | ||
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tilosina | ||
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Record last updated: | 31/08/2023 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |