Cyclosporin |
Last updated: 13/01/2024 |
(Also known as: cyclosporin A; CsA; cyclosporine; antibiotic S 7481F1 ; ciclosporin) |
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A diderophore animal health drug | |
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1971, discovered | |
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Used mainly to treat autoimmune diseases in dogs and cats. It is also used to used to treat dry eye conditions and pannus in dogs. | |
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Dogs; Cats |
Approval status |
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Not approved | |
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Not approved |
Chemical structure |
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C₆₂H₁₁₁N₁₁O₁₂ | |
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CCC1C(=O)N(CC(=O)N(C(C(=O)NC(C(=O)N(C(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)N(C(C(=O)N(C(C(=O)N(C(C(=O)N(C(C(=O)N1)C(C(C)CC=CC)O)C)C(C)C)C)CC(C)C)C)CC(C)C)C)C)C)CC(C)C)C)C(C)C)CC(C)C)C)C | |
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CC[C@H]1C(=O)N(CC(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](C(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)N1)[C@@H]([C@H](C)C/C=C/C)O)C)C(C)C)C)CC(C)C)C)CC(C)C)C)C)C)CC(C)C)C)C(C)C)CC(C)C)C)C | |
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PMATZTZNYRCHOR-CGLBZJNRSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C62H111N11O12/c1-25-27-28-40(15)52(75)51-56(79)65-43(26-2)58(81)67(18)33-48(74)68(19)44(29-34(3)4)55(78)66-49(38(11)12)61(84)69(20)45(30-35(5)6)54(77)63-41(16)53(76)64-42(17)57(80)70(21)46(31-36(7)8)59(82)71(22)47(32-37(9)10)60(83)72(23)50(39(13)14)62(85)73(51)24/h25,27,34-47,49-52,75H,26,28-33H2,1-24H3,(H,63,77)(H,64,76)(H,65,79)(H,66,78)/b27-25+/t40-,41+,42-,43+,44+,45+,46+,47+,49+,50+,51+,52-/m1/s1 | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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cyclosporin A | - |
General status |
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Medicinal drug; Fungicide | |
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Diderophore | |
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98% | |
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Synthetic | |
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Prevents the dephosphorlyation of NF-AT by binding to cyclophilin | |
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[Calcium signal-modulating cyclophilin ligand, Binder], [pCalcineurin subunit B isoform 2, Antagonist], [Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A] | |
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59865-13-3 | |
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5280754 | |
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Antineoplastic & immunomodulating agents: Immunosuppressants; Sensory Organs: Ophthalmologicals | |
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QL04AD01; QS01XA18 | |
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No | |
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1202.61 | |
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(E)-14,17,26,32-tetrabutyl-5-ethyl-8-(1-hydroxy-2-methylhex-4-enyl) -1,3,9,12,15,18,20,23,27-nonamethyl-11,29-dipropyl-1,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30- undecaazacyclodotriacontan-2,4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28,31-undecaone | |
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Liquid |
Formulations |
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Atopica 10 mg soft capsules for dogs | Novartis Animal Health | Not licensed | Not licensed | ||||||
Atopica 100 mg soft capsules for dogs | Novartis Animal Health | Not licensed | Not licensed | |||||||
Optimmune Ophthalmic Ointment 2mg/g Eye ointment | Schering-Plough Ltd | Not licensed | Not licensed | |||||||
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200000 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources Ethanol3 = Unverified data of known source |
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100000 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources DMSO3 = Unverified data of known source |
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150 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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8.32 X 1002 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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2.92 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Degradation |
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60 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications Composed soil4 = Verified data |
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As this parameter is not normally measured directly, a surrogate measure is used: ‘Photochemical oxidative DT₅₀’. Where data is available, this can be found in the Fate Indices section below. |
Soil adsorption and mobility |
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Fate indices |
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Known soil and groundwater metabolites |
None
Other known metabolites |
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- | Metabolite AM1; cyclosprorin M17 | Human (Liver) | - | Cytochrome P450 3A4 | |||||
- | Metabolite AM4N | Human (Liver) | - | - | |||||
- | Metabolite AM9 | Human (Liver) | - | - |
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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> 1480 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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> 1480 | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ = 147 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Subcutaneous LD₅₀ = 286 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Extensively metabolised in the liver and excreted in human bile, feces, blood, & urine. Excreted into human breast milk | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Health issues |
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Possible liver and kidney toxicant May cause gingival hyperplasia, convulsions, peptic ulcers, pancreatitis, fever Ingestion can cause vomiting, diarrhoea, confusion & hypercholesterolemia |
Handling issues |
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No further information available | |||
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Not listed (Not listed) | |||
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cyclosporin | ||
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ciclosporine | ||
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ciclosporina | ||
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Record last updated: | 13/01/2024 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |