The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate
Ecotoxicity
Human health
Environmental fate Moderate alert: Drainflow: Slightly mobile
Warning: Significant data are missing
Ecotoxicity High alert: Daphnia acute ecotoxicity: High
Human health High alert: Carcinogen; Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor; Neurotoxicant
GENERAL INFORMATION
Description
Av organophosphorus insecticide used for the control of ectoparasites including fleas and ticks
Availability status
Current
Introduction & key dates
1967, USA
Examples of species treated
Cats, Dogs
Chemical structure
Isomerism
Isomeric - exists in both the Z- and E- forms. Technical products are predominately comprised of the Z-stereoisomer.
Q3 Q = Miscellaneous internet resources 3 = Unverified data of known source
-
Health issues
Specific human health issues
Carcinogen
Genotoxic
Endocrine disruptor
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
A0 A = Chromosome aberration (EFSA database) 0 = No data
;
B0 B = DNA damage/repair (EFSA database) 0 = No data
;
C0 C = Gene mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data
;
D0 D = Genome mutation (EFSA database) 0 = No data
;
E0 E = Unspecified genotoxicity type (miscellaneous data source) 0 = No data
No data found
Reproduction / development effects
Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor
Neurotoxicant
No data found
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
✓Yes, known to cause a problem
Respiratory tract irritant
Skin irritant
Skin sensitiser
No data found
?Possibly, status not identified
No data found
Eye irritant
Phototoxicant
 
?Possibly, status not identified
No data found
 
General human health issues
IARC Group 2B carcinogen; USEPA - probable human carcinogen Kidney and liver toxicant Repeated or prolonged skin contact may cause allergic reactions with susceptible person
Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242