Aldicarb (Ref: ENT 27093)

Aldicarb (Ref: ENT 27093)	Last updated: 16/12/2020
(Also known as: carbamic acid; UC 21149; carbamyl)

SUMMARY

Aldicarb is an insecticide that is not approved for use in the EU. It is highly soluble and volatile. It is not persistent in soil but may be in in aqueous sustems. It is highly toxic to humans but has a low potential to bioaccumulate. It is a known endocrine disrupter, a neurotoxin and an inhibitor of acetyl cholinesterase. Aldicarb is highly toxic to birds and honeybees, and moderately toxic to most aquatic organisms and earthworms.

GENERAL INFORMATION

Description

A soil applied, insecticide and nematicide used to control chewing, sucking and soil dwelling insects

Example pests controlled

Mites; Nematodes; Aphids

Example applications

Cucumbers; Water melons; Cotton; Peanut; Soybean; Potatoes

Efficacy & activity

Availability status

Current

Introduction & key dates

1970, USA

UK regulatory status

UK COPR regulatory status

Not approved

Date COPR inclusion expires

Expired

UK LERAP status

None

EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414)

EC Regulation 1107/2009 status

Not approved

Dossier rapporteur/co-rapporteur

Date EC 1107/2009 inclusion expires

Expired

EU Candidate for substitution (CfS)

Not applicable

Listed in EU database

Yes

Approved for use (✓) under EC 1107/2009 in the following EU Member States

ATAustria	BEBelgium	BGBulgaria	CYCyprus	CZCzech Republic	DEGermany	DKDenmark	EEEstonia	ELGreece

ESSpain	FIFinland	FRFrance	HRCroatia	HUHungary	IEIreland	ITItaly	LTLithuania	LULuxembourg

LVLatvia	MTMalta	NLNetherlands	PLPoland	PTPortugal	RORomania	SESweden	SISlovenia	SKSlovakia

Also used in

Australia, USA

Chemical structure

Isomerism

Isomeric - a structural isomer of butocarboxime

Chemical formula

C₇H₁₄N₂O₂S

Canonical SMILES

CC(C)(C=NOC(=O)NC)SC

Isomeric SMILES

CC(C)(/C=N/OC(=O)NC)SC

International Chemical Identifier key (InChIKey)

QGLZXHRNAYXIBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

International Chemical Identifier (InChI)

InChI=1S/C7H14N2O2S/c1-7(2,12-4)5-9-11-6(10)8-3/h5H,1-4H3,(H,8,10)/b9-5+

2D structure diagram/image available?

Yes

Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre diagrams

Common Name	Relationship	Link
aldicarb	-

General status

Pesticide type

Insecticide, Acaricide, Nematicide

Substance group

Carbamate

Minimum active substance purity

Known relevant impurities

Substance origin

Synthetic

Mode of action

Systemic with contact and stomach action absorbed through roots. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor.

CAS RN

116-06-3

EC number

204-123-2

CIPAC number

215

US EPA chemical code

098301

PubChem CID

9570071

Molecular mass

190.26

PIN (Preferred Identification Name)

(5E)-7,7-dimethyl-4-oxa-8-thia-2,5-diazanon-5-en-3-one

IUPAC name

(EZ)-2-methyl-2-(methylthio)propionaldehyde O-methylcarbamoyloxime

CAS name

2-methyl-2-(methylthio)propanal O-[(methylamino)carbonyl]oxime

Other status information

PAN Dirty Dozen; Potential groundwater contaminant; Marine Pollutant

Relevant Environmental Water Quality Standards

Herbicide Resistance Classification (HRAC)

Not applicable

Herbicide Resistance Classification (WSSA)

Not applicable

Insecticide Resistance Classification (IRAC)

Fungicide Resistance Classification (FRAC)

Not applicable

Examples of recorded resistance

Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Liriomyza munda, Tetranychus urticae

Physical state

White crystals

Formulations

Property

Value

Example manufacturers & suppliers of products using this active now or historically

Temik

Example products using this active

Bayer CropScience

Formulation and application details

Products are usually supplied as granular formulations

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Solubility - In water at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

4930

High

Solubility - In organic solvents at 20 °C (mg l⁻¹)

180000

Benzene

110000

Toluene

470000

Dichloromethane

380000

Acetone

Melting point (°C)

Boiling point (°C)

Decomposes before boiling

Degradation point (°C)

Flashpoint (°C)

Not expected to self ignite; Not highly flammable

Octanol-water partition coefficient at pH 7, 20 °C

1.41 X 10⁰¹

Calculated

Log P

1.15

Low

Bulk density (g ml⁻¹)

1.2

Dissociation constant pKa) at 25 °C

Not applicable

No dissociation

Vapour pressure at 20 °C (mPa)

3.87

Low volatility

Henry's law constant at 25 °C (Pa m³ mol⁻¹)

1.25 X 10^-05

Non-volatile

Maximum UV-vis absorption L mol⁻¹ cm⁻¹

Surface tension (mN m⁻¹)

Degradation

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

General biodegradability

Soil degradation (days) (aerobic)

DT₅₀ (typical)

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (lab at 20 °C)

2.4

Non-persistent

DT₅₀ (field)

Non-persistent

DT₉₀ (lab at 20 °C)

DT₉₀ (field)

DT₅₀ modelling endpoint

Note

Literature values DT₅₀ range 1-60 days

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on plant matrix

Value

Note

Dissipation rate RL₅₀ on and in plant matrix

Value

5.5

Note

Published literature RL₅₀ range 1.0-12.6 days, 7 field & undercover grown crops, various matrices, n=14

Aqueous photolysis DT₅₀ (days) at pH 7

Value

Moderately fast

Note

Aqueous hydrolysis DT₅₀ (days) at 20 °C and pH 7

Value

189

Persistent

Note

Hydrolysis is not greatly pH sensitive except in concentrated alkaline media

Water-sediment DT₅₀ (days)

Fast

Water phase only DT₅₀ (days)

Soil adsorption and mobility

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Linear

K_d

Mobile

K_oc

Notes and range

General literature K_oc 7.08-46.77 mL g⁻¹

Freundlich

K_f

1.29

Mobile

K_foc

¹/_n

0.9

Notes and range

Mean of 4 soils, 5 values. Sandy loam K_f=0.19; Loamy sand K_f=0.22; Loam K_f=2.47; Silt loam K_f=1.13

pH sensitivity

Fate indices

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

GUS leaching potential index

0.76

Calculated

Low leachability

SCI-GROW groundwater index (μg l⁻¹) for a 1 kg ha⁻¹ or 1 l ha⁻¹ application rate

Value

1.82 X 10^-03

Calculated

Note

Potential for particle bound transport index

Low

Calculated

Potential for loss via drain flow

Mobile

Calculated

Key metabolites

Metabolite

Formation medium

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

1107/2009 relevancy

aldicarb sulfoxide

Soil

0.9

Major fraction, Relevancy unknown

aldicarb sulfone

Soil

0.2

Major fraction, Relevancy unknown

Other known metabolites

Metabolite name and reference

Aliases

Formation medium / Rate

Estimated maximum occurrence fraction

Metabolising enzymes

aldicarb sulfone
Note: DT50 soil = 48 days

a = Soil; b = Plant; c = Rat (Urinary)

a=0.200

aldicarb nitrile

Soil; Plant; Rat (Urinary)

aldicarb acid

Soil

ECOTOXICOLOGY

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Bio-concentration factor

BCF (l kg⁻¹)

Low potential

CT₅₀ (days)

Not available

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

0.93

Rat

High

Mammals - Short term dietary NOEL

(mg kg⁻¹)

(ppm diet)

Mammals - Chronic 21d NOAEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Birds - Acute LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

3.4

Anas platyrhynchos

High

Birds - Short term dietary (LC₅₀/LD₅₀)

Birds - Chronic 21d NOEL (mg kg⁻¹ bw d⁻¹)

Fish - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.56

Oncorhynchus mykiss

Moderate

Fish - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

1.37

Unknown species

Moderate

Aquatic invertebrates - Acute 48 hour EC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.42

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Aquatic invertebrates - Chronic 21 day NOEC (mg l⁻¹)

0.035

Daphnia magna

Moderate

Aquatic crustaceans - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Acute 96 hour LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.004

Chironomus riparius 1 day

High

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, static, water (mg l⁻¹)

Sediment dwelling organisms - Chronic 28 day NOEC, sediment (mg kg⁻¹)

Aquatic plants - Acute 7 day EC₅₀, biomass (mg l⁻¹)

Non-target plants

Algae - Acute 72 hour EC₅₀, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Skeletonema costatum

Low

Algae - Chronic 96 hour NOEC, growth (mg l⁻¹)

Honeybees (Apis spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 0.28

High

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

> 0.16

High

Unknown mode acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Bumblebees (Bombus spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Mason bees (Osmia spp.)

Contact acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Oral acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg bee⁻¹)

Other pollinators (1)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

0.211

Megachile rotundata

High

Mode of exposure

Oral

Other pollinators (2)

Acute LD₅₀ (worst case from 24, 48 and 72 hour values - μg insect⁻¹)

0.431

Megachile rotundata

High

Mode of exposure

Contact

Earthworms - Acute 14 day LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Eisenia foetida

Moderate

Earthworms - Chronic NOEC, reproduction (mg kg⁻¹)

Other soil macro-organisms

Acute LC₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

Chronic NOEC (mg kg⁻¹)

Other arthropod (1)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

% Effect

Other arthropod (2)

LR₅₀ g ha⁻¹

% Effect

Soil micro-organisms

Mesocosm study data

NOEAEC mg l⁻¹

HUMAN HEALTH AND PROTECTION

General

Property

Value

Source; quality score; and other information

Interpretation

Threshold of Toxicological Concern (Cramer Class)

High (class III)

Mammals - Acute oral LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹)

0.93

Rat

High

Mammals - Dermal LD₅₀ (mg kg⁻¹ body weight)

Rabbit

Mammals - Inhalation LC₅₀ (mg l⁻¹)

0.004

Rat

Other Mammal toxicity endpoints

ADI - Acceptable Daily Intake (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.003

JMPR 1995

ARfD - Acute Reference Dose (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

0.003

JMPR 1995

AAOEL - Acute Acceptable Operator Exposure Level (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

AOEL - Acceptable Operator Exposure Level - Systemic (mg kg⁻¹ bw day⁻¹)

Dermal penetration studies (%)

Dangerous Substances Directive 76/464

Exposure Routes

Public

Consumer exposure to aldicarb and its toxic metabolites (the sulfoxide and sulfone) occurs mainly through food residues

Occupational

MRLs

European

EU MRL pesticide database

Notes

Drinking Water Standards

Non-statutory WHO drinking water guideline 0.01 mg l⁻¹

UK EA QS database 2018

Drinking Water MAC (μg l⁻¹)

Health issues

Specific human health issues

Carcinogen

Genotoxic

Endocrine disruptor

; ; ; ;

Reproduction / development effects

Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor

Neurotoxicant

Respiratory tract irritant

Skin irritant

Skin sensitiser

No data found

Eye irritant

Phototoxicant

No data found

General human health issues

Highly toxic
IARC Group 3 carcinogen, USEPA - possible human carcinogen at high doses
Endocrine issues - Inhibition of 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone activity

Handling issues

Property

Value and interpretation

General

No information available

CLP classification 2013

Health: H330, H311, H300
Environment: H400, H410

EC Risk Classification

T+ - Very toxic: R26/28
T - Toxic: R24
N - Dangerous for the environment: R50, R53

EC Safety Classification

S1/2, S22, S36/37, S45, S61,S60

WHO Classification

Ia (Extremely hazardous)

UN Number

2757

Waste disposal & packaging

TRANSLATIONS

Language

Name

English

aldicarb

French

aldicarbe

German

Aldicarb

Danish

aldicarb

Italian

aldicarb

Spanish

aldicarb

Greek

Polish

aldikarb

Swedish

Hungarian

aldikarb

Dutch

aldicarb

Record last updated:	16/12/2020
Contact:	aeru@herts.ac.uk
Please cite as:	Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242