P,p'-DDT |
![]() Last updated: 05/01/2021 |
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(Also known as: clofenotane) |
SUMMARY |
DDT is a banned organochlorine insecticide. It has a low aqueous solubility, is relatively volatile and has a low potential to leach to groundwater. It is highly persistent in soil and non-mobile. It is moderately toxic by the oral route in humans and other mammals but is a carcinogen and endocrine disrupter. It shows a high to moderate level of toxicity to most animals and insects although it is relatively non-toxic to birds. |
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A major isomer of the obsolete and banned insecticide that was used to control insect vectors of disease, especially malaria | |
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Mosquitoes; Houseflies; Body lice; Colarado beetles; Gypsy moths | |
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Agricultural crops; Domestic houses; Offices, commercial and industrial situations; Non-cropped sites including roads, rights-of-way; parkland | |
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Not applicable | |
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Obsolete, Banned | |
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1944 |
UK regulatory status |
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Not approved | ||
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Not applicable | ||
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No UK approval for use |
EC Regulation 1107/2009 (repealing 91/414) |
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Not approved | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not applicable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not applicable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Not applicable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Yes as DDT | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Also used in |
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Chemical structure |
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A major isomer of DDT which is normally around 75-85% of the DDT isomeric mix. | |
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C₁₄H₉Cl₅ | |
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C1=CC(=CC=C1C(C2=CC=C(C=C2)Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)Cl | |
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No data | |
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YVGGHNCTFXOJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C14H9Cl5/c15-11-5-1-9(2-6-11)13(14(17,18)19)10-3-7-12(16)8-4-10/h1-8,13H | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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DDT | Unstated isomer | ![]() |
General status |
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Insecticide | |
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Organochlorine | |
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Synthetic | |
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Central nervous system stimulant. GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist. | |
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50-29-3 | |
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200-024-3 | |
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3 | |
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- | |
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3036 | |
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354.49 | |
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1,1'-(2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diyl)bis(4-chlorobenzene) | |
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1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane | |
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1,1'-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)bis(4-chlorobenzene) | |
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WFD priority substance; Subject to PIC regulations; POP - regulated by Stockholm Convention; LRTAP Annex I; PAN Dirty Dozen; OSPAR soc; Marine Pollutant; Rotterdam Convention (Class II) | |
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EU Directive 2008/105/EC EQS for total DDT surface waters: annual average 0.025 µg l⁻¹ UK statutory standard for protection of aquatic life for inland, coastal & territorial surface waters: 0.025 µg l⁻¹ as annual mean conc |
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Not applicable | |
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Not applicable | |
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3B | |
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Not applicable | |
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Wide variety of insects are resistant | |
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Colourless crystalline powder | |
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Formulations |
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0.025 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications at 25 °C4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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58000 | V3 V = ChemID online databases / IPCS INCHEM (ChemID; IPCS INCHEM ) Acetone3 = Unverified data of known source |
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78000 | V3 V = ChemID online databases / IPCS INCHEM (ChemID; IPCS INCHEM ) Benzene3 = Unverified data of known source |
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42000 | V3 V = ChemID online databases / IPCS INCHEM (ChemID; IPCS INCHEM ) benzyl benzoate3 = Unverified data of known source |
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109 | V3 V = ChemID online databases / IPCS INCHEM (ChemID; IPCS INCHEM ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Decomposes before boiling | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
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162 | V3 V = ChemID online databases / IPCS INCHEM (ChemID; IPCS INCHEM ) (open cup)3 = Unverified data of known source |
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8.13 X 1006 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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6.91 | R4 R = Peer reviewed scientific publications 4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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Degradation |
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6200 | V3 V = ChemID online databases / IPCS INCHEM (ChemID; IPCS INCHEM ) as DDT3 = Unverified data of known source |
Very persistent | |||||||
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2000 | A3 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) as DDT3 = Unverified data of known source |
Very persistent | ||||||||
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Best available data as DDT, PIC DGD; DT₅₀; Other sources: DT₅₀ 3 months in tropical regions, 4-30 years temperate regions. | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | G3 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET (click here ) 3 = Unverified data of known source |
Non-mobile | |||||||
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151000 | ||||||||||
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As DDT | ||||||||||
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Fate indices |
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-3.89 | Calculated | Low leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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5.35 X 10-03 | Calculated | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Estimated concentrations of chemicals with Koc values greater than 9995 ml g⁻¹ are beyond the scope of the regression data used in SCI-GROW development. If there are concerns for such chemicals, a higher tier groundwater exposure assessment should be considered, regardless of the concentration returned by SCI-GROW | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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High | Calculated | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Non-mobile | Calculated | - |
Key metabolites |
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Soil | - | Not assessed under 91/414 or 1107/2009 | |||||
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Soil | - | Not assessed under 91/414 or 1107/2009 |
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250 | V3 V = ChemID online databases / IPCS INCHEM (ChemID; IPCS INCHEM ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 2240 | G4 G = Extension Toxicology network database EXTOXNET (click here ) Anas platyrhynchos as DDT4 = Verified data |
Low | ||||||||
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> 2.5 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Oncorhynchus mykiss as DDT4 = Verified data |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 0.005 | J4 J = Pesticide Action Network database (click here ) Daphnia magna as DDT4 = Verified data |
High | ||||||||
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General |
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High (class III) | - | - | ||||||||
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250 | V3 V = ChemID online databases / IPCS INCHEM (ChemID; IPCS INCHEM ) Rat3 = Unverified data of known source |
Moderate | ||||||||
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2510 | L3 L = Pesticide manuals and hard copy reference books / other sources Rat as DDT3 = Unverified data of known source |
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List I, II | - | - | ||||||||
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Non-statutory WHO drinking water guideline 0.001 mg l⁻¹ | B5 B = UK CRD and ACP evaluation documents / and other Defra (UK) documents (click here ) UK EA QS database 20185 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Health issues |
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Toxic by ingestion, inhalation and via skin absorption Xenoestrogen agent Mutagenic Endocrine issues - Competitive binding to androgen receptors |
Handling issues |
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When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes. | |||
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Health: H301, H311, H330, H351, H372, H373 Environment: H400, H410 |
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NL (Not listed) | |||
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2761 | |||
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p,p'-DDT | ||
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p,p'-DDT | ||
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p,p'-DDT | ||
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p,p'-DDT | ||
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p,p'-DDT | ||
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p,p'-DDT | ||
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p,p'-DDT | ||
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p,p'-DDT | ||
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p,p'-DDT | ||
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p,p'-DDT | ||
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p,p'-DDT |
Record last updated: | 05/01/2021 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |