Thymol |
![]() Last updated: 23/11/2023 |
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(Also known as: isopropyl-m-cresol; 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol; thyme camphor; thymic acid; hydroxy cymene) |
Data alerts |
The following alerts are based on the data in the tables below. An absence of an alert does not imply the substance has no implications for human health, biodiversity or the environment but just that we do not have the data to form a judgement.
Environmental fate | Ecotoxicity | Human health |
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Used in beehives to control Varroatosis cause by the varroa mite and to prevent fermentation and the growth of mould in bee colonies. Also used in poultice preparations for its antiseptic properties. | |
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Current | |
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1842, first synthesised; 1964, first registered USA | |
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Bees, Horses |
Chemical structure |
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- | |
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C₁₀H₁₄O | |
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CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)C(C)C)O | |
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No data | |
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MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
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InChI=1S/C10H14O/c1-7(2)9-5-4-8(3)6-10(9)11/h4-7,11H,1-3H3 | |
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Yes |
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Common Name | Relationship | Link |
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thymol | - | ![]() |
General status |
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Antimicrobial, Antibacterial, Antiseptic, Miticide, Repellent | |
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Plant derived substance | |
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>90%; 990 g kg⁻¹ | |
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EU dossier - none declared | |
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Natural, Biocide, Biodrug | |
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Contact, GABAergic activity and also repels vertebrate pests by a non-toxic mode of action but is toxic to micro-organisms | |
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89-83-8 | |
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201-944-8 | |
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969 | |
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080402 | |
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- | |
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QP53AX22, QP53AX30 | |
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Antiparasitic products, insecticides & repellents: Ectoparasiticides | |
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No | |
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Allowed substance (Table 1) | |
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150.22 | |
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5-methyl-2-isopropyl-1-phenol | |
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phenol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)- | |
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Recognised water pollutant; UK registered Commodity Substance | |
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White crystalline solid with a herbal odour | |
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Formulations |
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Apiguard gel (25% thymol) | Vita (Europe) Ltd | EU Mutually recognised procedure | Authorised veterinary medicine for general sale (AVM - GSL) | ||||||
Apilife Var bee-hive strip for honey bees | Chemicals Laif Srl | EU Mutually recognised procedure | Authorised veterinary medicine for general sale (AVM - GSL) | |||||||
Kaolin Poultice for Horses | KL Pharmaceutical Ltd | UK National authorisation | Authorised veterinary medicine for general sale (AVM - GSL) | |||||||
KL One Minute Poultice | KL Pharmaceutical Ltd | UK National authorisation | Authorised veterinary medicine for general sale (AVM - GSL) | |||||||
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Available in a wide variety of formulations including capsule suspensions, wipe-on products, dip, aerosol, immersion liquids and spot treatment. For beehives it is supplied as a slow release gel matrix |
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596 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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>250000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) p-Xylene5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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>250000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Methanol5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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>250000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Ethyl acetate5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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200000 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) n-Heptane4 = Verified data |
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48.75 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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232.3 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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105.5 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) (closed cup)5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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2.75 X 1003 | Calculated | - | |||||||
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3.44 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
High | ||||||||
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0.97 | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 4 = Verified data |
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10.77 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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3400 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Highly volatile | ||||||||
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0.86 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderately volatile | ||||||||
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No absorption >290nm | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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52.3 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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1.5208 | Q3 Q = Miscellaneous data from online sources 3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Degradation |
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1 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-persistent | |||||||
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0.7 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
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2,2 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Non-persistent | ||||||||
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EU 2023 dossier Lab studies DT₅₀ (normalised) range 0.6-0.8 days, DT₉₀ range 1.8-2.6 days, Soils=4; | ||||||||||
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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- | A2 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 2 = Unverified data of unknown source |
Slightly mobile | |||||||
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2188 | ||||||||||
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Data caluated using predictive software | ||||||||||
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3.06 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderately mobile | |||||||
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119.14 | ||||||||||
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0.906 | ||||||||||
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EU 2023dossier Kf range 1.021-5.361 mL g⁻¹, Kfoc range 92.8-171.0 mL g⁻¹, 1/n range 0.830-0.958, Soils=4 | ||||||||||
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None |
Fate indices |
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-0.30 | Calculated | Low leachability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Known metabolites |
None
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Terrestrial ecotoxicology |
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980 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 640 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Colinus virginianus5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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> 5866 mg/Kg BW | A4 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Colinus virginianus product (66 g l⁻¹)4 = Verified data |
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> 500 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Eisenia foetida as product (66g l⁻¹) corr5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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1.65 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Eisenia andrei corr5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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Nitrogen mineralisation: No significant adverse effect Carbon mineralisation: No significant adverse effect |
A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) 5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes Dose 54.5 mg product/Kg soil |
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> 200 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Apis mellifera as product (66 g l⁻¹ thymol)5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | |||||||
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> 224.6 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Apis mellifera as product (66 g l⁻¹ thymol)5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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123.5 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Apis mellifera as product (66 g l⁻¹ thymol)5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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> 12420 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) as product (66 g l⁻¹ thymol)5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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> 12420 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) as product (66 g l⁻¹ thymol)5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Aquatic ecotoxicology |
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3.0 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Oncorhynchus mykiss5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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4.9 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Daphnia magna5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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11.7 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata growth5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Low | ||||||||
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General |
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Low (class I) | - | - | ||||||||
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980 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
Moderate | ||||||||
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2000 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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> 5.0 | F4 F = U.S. EPA ECOTOX database / U.S. EPA pesticide fate database / Miscellaneous WHO documents / FAO data, IPCS INCHEM data (US EPA Databases Related to Pesticide Risk Assessment ) Rat4 = Verified data |
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Subcutaneous LD₅₀ = 243 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Mouse3 = Unverified data of known source |
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Intravenous LD₅₀ > 100 mg kg⁻¹ | V3 V = ChemID Online Databases; Chemspider; PubChem. (ChemID ) Mouse3 = Unverified data of known source |
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0.07 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat SF=6005 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.4 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat SF=1005 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.4 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat SF =1005 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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0.4 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Rat SF =1005 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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25-70 | A5 A = EU regulatory and evaluation data as published by EC, EFSA (RAR, DAR & Conclusion dossiers), EMA (e.g. EU Annex III PIC DGD) (EU - Pesticides database; EFSA Scientific Publications ) Default5 = Verified data used for regulatory purposes |
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Acceptable for proposed uses | |||||||||
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PPE/PPC recommended | ||||||||||
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Extensively and rapidly absorbed, excreted via urine (>50% in 24hr) | - | - |
Health issues |
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May cause gastrointestinal problems, central hyperactivity and occasionally convulsions and coma Possible renal, kidney and liver toxicant May cause CNS or muscular contractions |
Handling issues |
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Corrosive Not explosive or oxidising |
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Health: H302, H314, H317, H318, H336 | |||
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Not listed (Not listed) | |||
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Record last updated: | 23/11/2023 |
Contact: | aeru@herts.ac.uk |
Please cite as: | Lewis, K.A., Tzilivakis, J., Warner, D. and Green, A. (2016) An international database for pesticide risk assessments and management. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 22(4), 1050-1064. DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2015.1133242 |